मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-127
ब्राह्मणं कुशलं पृच्छेत क्षत्रबन्धुमनामयम ।
वैश्यं क्षेमं समागम्य शूद्रमारोग्यमेव च ॥१२७॥
वैश्यं क्षेमं समागम्य शूद्रमारोग्यमेव च ॥१२७॥
127. brāhmaṇaṁ kuśalaṁ pṛcchet kṣatrabandhumanāmayam ,
vaiśyaṁ kṣemaṁ samāgamya śūdramārogyameva ca.
vaiśyaṁ kṣemaṁ samāgamya śūdramārogyameva ca.
127.
brāhmaṇam kuśalam pṛccheta kṣatrabandhum anāmayam
vaiśyam kṣemam samāgamya śūdram ārogyam eva ca
vaiśyam kṣemam samāgamya śūdram ārogyam eva ca
127.
brāhmaṇam kuśalam pṛccheta kṣatrabandhum anāmayam
vaiśyam samāgamya kṣemam ca śūdram ārogyam eva
vaiśyam samāgamya kṣemam ca śūdram ārogyam eva
127.
One should inquire about the welfare (kuśala) of a brāhmaṇa; about freedom from affliction (anāmaya) for a kṣatriya's kinsman; about safety and prosperity (kṣema) for a vaiśya upon meeting him; and for a śūdra, specifically about his health (ārogya).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a brāhmaṇa (object of inquiry) (a brāhmaṇa)
- कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare, well-being (object of inquiry) (welfare, well-being, skill, auspiciousness)
- पृच्छेत (pṛccheta) - one should inquire (one should ask, one should inquire)
- क्षत्रबन्धुम् (kṣatrabandhum) - a kṣatriya's kinsman (a kinsman of a kṣatriya, a nominal kṣatriya)
- अनामयम् (anāmayam) - freedom from affliction (object of inquiry) (freedom from illness, health, well-being, unblemished)
- वैश्यम् (vaiśyam) - a vaiśya (object of inquiry) (a vaiśya (member of the third social class))
- क्षेमम् (kṣemam) - safety and prosperity (object of inquiry) (safety, security, prosperity, happiness)
- समागम्य (samāgamya) - upon meeting him, having approached (having met, having approached, having assembled)
- शूद्रम् (śūdram) - a śūdra (object of inquiry) (a śūdra)
- आरोग्यम् (ārogyam) - health (object of inquiry) (health, freedom from disease, soundness)
- एव (eva) - specifically, indeed (indeed, just, only, exactly)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a brāhmaṇa (object of inquiry) (a brāhmaṇa)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a brāhmaṇa, related to Brahman, sacred, pious
कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare, well-being (object of inquiry) (welfare, well-being, skill, auspiciousness)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśala
kuśala - welfare, well-being, healthy, skilful, auspicious
Note: Used here as a noun meaning 'well-being'.
पृच्छेत (pṛccheta) - one should inquire (one should ask, one should inquire)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of prach
Root 'prach' (class 6), optative mood, active voice
Root: prach (class 6)
Note: Indicates a prescriptive rule or recommendation.
क्षत्रबन्धुम् (kṣatrabandhum) - a kṣatriya's kinsman (a kinsman of a kṣatriya, a nominal kṣatriya)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣatrabandhu
kṣatrabandhu - a kinsman or associate of a kṣatriya; one who is a kṣatriya by birth but not by conduct or rank
Compound of 'kṣatra' and 'bandhu'
Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatra+bandhu)
- kṣatra – rule, power, royalty, a kṣatriya
noun (neuter) - bandhu – kinsman, relation, friend, relative
noun (masculine)
अनामयम् (anāmayam) - freedom from affliction (object of inquiry) (freedom from illness, health, well-being, unblemished)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anāmaya
anāmaya - freedom from sickness, health, well-being; free from trouble or distress
Compound: neg. 'an-' + 'āmaya' (sickness, affliction)
Compound type : tatpurusha (an+āmaya)
- an – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - āmaya – sickness, disease, affliction
noun (masculine)
From 'ā-' (towards) + root 'am' (to go, to hurt)
Prefix: ā
Root: am (class 1)
वैश्यम् (vaiśyam) - a vaiśya (object of inquiry) (a vaiśya (member of the third social class))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - a member of the third traditional social class (traders, farmers, merchants)
क्षेमम् (kṣemam) - safety and prosperity (object of inquiry) (safety, security, prosperity, happiness)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣema
kṣema - safety, security, prosperity, happiness, well-being
Note: Often refers to material well-being and security.
समागम्य (samāgamya) - upon meeting him, having approached (having met, having approached, having assembled)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From 'sam-' (together) + 'ā-' (towards) + root 'gam' (to go) + '-ya' suffix
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: gam (class 1)
शूद्रम् (śūdram) - a śūdra (object of inquiry) (a śūdra)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a member of the fourth traditional social class, a laborer, servant
आरोग्यम् (ārogyam) - health (object of inquiry) (health, freedom from disease, soundness)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ārogya
ārogya - health, freedom from disease, soundness
Compound: neg. 'a-' + 'roga' (disease) + '-ya' (suffix)
Compound type : tatpurusha (a+roga)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - roga – disease, sickness, ailment
noun (masculine)
From root 'ruj' (to break, to pain)
Root: ruj (class 6)
एव (eva) - specifically, indeed (indeed, just, only, exactly)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizing particle.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.