मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-113
विद्ययैव समं कामं मर्तव्यं ब्रह्मवादिना ।
आपद्यपि हि घोरायां न त्वेनामिरिणे वपेत ॥११३॥
आपद्यपि हि घोरायां न त्वेनामिरिणे वपेत ॥११३॥
113. vidyayaiva samaṁ kāmaṁ martavyaṁ brahmavādinā ,
āpadyapi hi ghorāyāṁ na tvenāmiriṇe vapet.
āpadyapi hi ghorāyāṁ na tvenāmiriṇe vapet.
113.
vidyayā eva samam kāmam martavyam brahmavādinā
āpadi api hi ghorāyām na tu enām iriṇe vapeta
āpadi api hi ghorāyām na tu enām iriṇe vapeta
113.
brahmavādinā vidyayā eva samam kāmam martavyam
hi ghorāyām āpadi api tu enām iriṇe na vapeta
hi ghorāyām āpadi api tu enām iriṇe na vapeta
113.
A speaker of Brahman (brahmavādin) should indeed prefer to die along with his knowledge (vidyā). Even in a terrible calamity, one should not sow this (knowledge) in barren soil.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विद्यया (vidyayā) - by knowledge, with knowledge
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly
- समम् (samam) - together with, along with
- कामम् (kāmam) - to emphasize preference or willingness: 'rather' or 'indeed' (rather, indeed, willingly, as much as desired)
- मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - should be died, one should die
- ब्रह्मवादिना (brahmavādinā) - by a speaker of Brahman, by a theologian
- आपदि (āpadi) - in calamity, in distress, in misfortune
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because
- घोरायाम् (ghorāyām) - in a terrible, dreadful (calamity)
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- तु (tu) - but, on the other hand
- एनाम् (enām) - this (knowledge, referring to vidyā) (her, this (feminine))
- इरिणे (iriṇe) - in barren land, in a desert, in salt marsh
- वपेत (vapeta) - he should sow, one should sow
Words meanings and morphology
विद्यया (vidyayā) - by knowledge, with knowledge
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of vidyā
vidyā - knowledge, learning, science
Derived from √vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly
(indeclinable)
समम् (samam) - together with, along with
(indeclinable)
Can also be an adjective 'sama' (equal). Here functions as an indeclinable or adverb.
कामम् (kāmam) - to emphasize preference or willingness: 'rather' or 'indeed' (rather, indeed, willingly, as much as desired)
(indeclinable)
Accusative singular of 'kāma' (desire) used adverbially
मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - should be died, one should die
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of martavya
martavya - to be died, mortal (impersonal gerundive)
Gerundive (bhāve kṛtya)
Derived from √mṛ (to die) with suffix '-tavya'
Root: mṛ (class 6)
Note: Used impersonally (it should be died by him = he should die)
ब्रह्मवादिना (brahmavādinā) - by a speaker of Brahman, by a theologian
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahmavādin
brahmavādin - one who speaks of Brahman, a theologian, a vedic scholar
Compound noun referring to one who advocates or explains Brahman.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vādin)
- brahman – the Absolute Reality, the ultimate truth, the sacred word
noun (neuter) - vādin – speaker, proponent, one who says
noun (masculine)
Derived from √vad (to speak) with suffix '-in'
Root: vad (class 1)
आपदि (āpadi) - in calamity, in distress, in misfortune
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of āpad
āpad - calamity, distress, misfortune
Prefix: ā
Root: pad (class 4)
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because
(indeclinable)
घोरायाम् (ghorāyām) - in a terrible, dreadful (calamity)
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, singular of ghorā
ghorā - terrible, dreadful, formidable
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - but, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
एनाम् (enām) - this (knowledge, referring to vidyā) (her, this (feminine))
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of enad
enad - this, that (pronoun, typically referring to something nearby or just mentioned)
इरिणे (iriṇe) - in barren land, in a desert, in salt marsh
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of iriṇa
iriṇa - barren land, desert, salt marsh
वपेत (vapeta) - he should sow, one should sow
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vap
Root: vap (class 1)