मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-58
ब्राह्मेण विप्रस्तीर्थेन नित्यकालमुपस्पृशेत ।
कायत्रैदशिकाभ्यां वा न पित्र्येण कदा चन ॥५८॥
कायत्रैदशिकाभ्यां वा न पित्र्येण कदा चन ॥५८॥
58. brāhmeṇa viprastīrthena nityakālamupaspṛśet ,
kāyatraidaśikābhyāṁ vā na pitryeṇa kadā cana.
kāyatraidaśikābhyāṁ vā na pitryeṇa kadā cana.
58.
brāhmeṇa vipraḥ tīrthena nityakālam upaspṛśeta
kāya traidashikābhyām vā na pitryeṇa kadā cana
kāya traidashikābhyām vā na pitryeṇa kadā cana
58.
A brahmin should always perform ritual sipping of water (ācamana) using the brahma-tīrtha, or the kāya or daiva-tīrtha, but never by means of the pitrya-tīrtha.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मेण (brāhmeṇa) - by means of the brahma-tīrtha (the specific part of the hand) (by the brahminical; by that relating to Brahmā; by the brahma-tīrtha)
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a brahmin (member of the priestly class) (a brahmin; inspired; wise)
- तीर्थेन (tīrthena) - by means of the specific part of the hand designated as 'tīrtha' for ritual purification (by means of a sacred place; by means of a ford; by means of a method; by means of a specific part of the hand)
- नित्यकालम् (nityakālam) - always, on all occasions (constantly; always)
- उपस्पृशेत (upaspṛśeta) - should perform ācamana (ritual sipping of water for purification) (should touch; should perform ritual sipping)
- काय (kāya) - kāya-tīrtha (specific part of the hand relating to Prajāpati) (relating to the body; corporeal; specific part of the hand)
- त्रैदस्हिकाभ्याम् (traidashikābhyām) - by means of the two (kāya or daiva tīrthas), referring to the kāya-tīrtha and daiva-tīrtha (by the two relating to the thirty (gods); by the two divine methods)
- वा (vā) - or (indicating an alternative) (or; either)
- न (na) - not (negation) (not; no)
- पित्र्येण (pitryeṇa) - by means of the pitrya-tīrtha (specific part of the hand for ancestral rites) (by the paternal; by that relating to ancestors; by the pitrya-tīrtha)
- कदा (kadā) - ever (when used with 'cana' for negation) (when?)
- चन (cana) - (suffix forming 'never' with 'kadā') (even; also; (suffix for indefiniteness or negation))
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मेण (brāhmeṇa) - by means of the brahma-tīrtha (the specific part of the hand) (by the brahminical; by that relating to Brahmā; by the brahma-tīrtha)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of brāhma
brāhma - relating to Brahmā; brahminical; pertaining to the Veda
Derived from brahman + aṇ (taddhita)
Note: Qualifies 'tīrthena' implicitly.
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a brahmin (member of the priestly class) (a brahmin; inspired; wise)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - inspired, wise; a brahmin, a priest
Note: Subject of the sentence.
तीर्थेन (tīrthena) - by means of the specific part of the hand designated as 'tīrtha' for ritual purification (by means of a sacred place; by means of a ford; by means of a method; by means of a specific part of the hand)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tīrtha
tīrtha - a ford, a bathing place, a sacred place; a proper time or manner; a specific part of the hand for religious rites
Note: The means by which the action is performed.
नित्यकालम् (nityakālam) - always, on all occasions (constantly; always)
(indeclinable)
Compound of nitya (constant) and kāla (time), used adverbially.
Compound type : avyayībhāva (nitya+kāla)
- nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal
adjective (masculine) - kāla – time, period
noun (masculine)
Note: Adverbial usage.
उपस्पृशेत (upaspṛśeta) - should perform ācamana (ritual sipping of water for purification) (should touch; should perform ritual sipping)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of upa-√spṛś
optative mood, 3rd person singular
Pāṇinian dhātu `spṛś` (class 6, `spṛśati`) with prefix `upa`.
Prefix: upa
Root: spṛś (class 6)
काय (kāya) - kāya-tīrtha (specific part of the hand relating to Prajāpati) (relating to the body; corporeal; specific part of the hand)
(adjective)
of kāya
kāya - relating to the body; the body itself; a specific area on the hand for ritual pouring of water (kāya-tīrtha)
From kāya (body) + a (taddhita)
Note: Part of an implied compound 'kāya-tīrthena' or parallel to 'brāhmeṇa' and 'traidashikābhyām'.
त्रैदस्हिकाभ्याम् (traidashikābhyām) - by means of the two (kāya or daiva tīrthas), referring to the kāya-tīrtha and daiva-tīrtha (by the two relating to the thirty (gods); by the two divine methods)
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, dual of traidaśika
traidaśika - relating to the gods (tridaśa - thirty gods); divine
From tridaśa (gods) + ṭhaN (taddhita)
Note: Implied `tīrthābhyām` (by the two tīrthas), referring to `kāya-tīrtha` and `daiva-tīrtha`.
वा (vā) - or (indicating an alternative) (or; either)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
न (na) - not (negation) (not; no)
(indeclinable)
पित्र्येण (pitryeṇa) - by means of the pitrya-tīrtha (specific part of the hand for ancestral rites) (by the paternal; by that relating to ancestors; by the pitrya-tīrtha)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitrya
pitrya - paternal, ancestral; relating to ancestors; a specific area on the hand for ritual pouring of water (pitrya-tīrtha)
From pitṛ (father/ancestor) + ya (taddhita)
कदा (kadā) - ever (when used with 'cana' for negation) (when?)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with `cana`.
चन (cana) - (suffix forming 'never' with 'kadā') (even; also; (suffix for indefiniteness or negation))
(indeclinable)