मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-2, verse-124
भोःशब्दं कीर्तयेदन्ते स्वस्य नाम्नोऽभिवादने ।
नाम्नां स्वरूपभावो हि भोभाव ऋषिभिः स्मृतः ॥१२४॥
नाम्नां स्वरूपभावो हि भोभाव ऋषिभिः स्मृतः ॥१२४॥
124. bhoḥśabdaṁ kīrtayedante svasya nāmno'bhivādane ,
nāmnāṁ svarūpabhāvo hi bhobhāva ṛṣibhiḥ smṛtaḥ.
nāmnāṁ svarūpabhāvo hi bhobhāva ṛṣibhiḥ smṛtaḥ.
124.
bhoḥśabdam kīrtayet ante svasya nāmnaḥ abhivādane
nāmnām svarūpabhāvaḥ hi bhoḥbhāvaḥ ṛṣibhiḥ smṛtaḥ
nāmnām svarūpabhāvaḥ hi bhoḥbhāvaḥ ṛṣibhiḥ smṛtaḥ
124.
One should utter the word "bhoḥ" at the end of one's own name when offering salutations. Indeed, the seers (ṛṣi) have declared that the essential nature of names is the 'bhoḥ' state.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भोःशब्दम् (bhoḥśabdam) - the specific vocative particle 'bhoḥ' (the word 'bhoḥ')
- कीर्तयेत् (kīrtayet) - one should utter (the word 'bhoḥ') (should utter, should proclaim, should mention)
- अन्ते (ante) - at the end (of one's name) (at the end, lastly)
- स्वस्य (svasya) - of his own (name) (of one's own)
- नाम्नः (nāmnaḥ) - of one's name (of the name)
- अभिवादने (abhivādane) - when performing the salutation (in salutation, at the time of greeting)
- नाम्नाम् (nāmnām) - of names (in general) (of names)
- स्वरूपभावः (svarūpabhāvaḥ) - the true nature or significance of names (essential nature, intrinsic form, proper state)
- हि (hi) - provides emphasis and causal connection ("for indeed") (indeed, surely, for)
- भोःभावः (bhoḥbhāvaḥ) - the characteristic or significance embodied by the address 'bhoḥ' (the state of 'bhoḥ', the nature of 'bhoḥ')
- ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the ancient seers (ṛṣi) (by the seers, by the sages)
- स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - has been declared or taught (by the ṛṣis) (remembered, declared, taught, stated)
Words meanings and morphology
भोःशब्दम् (bhoḥśabdam) - the specific vocative particle 'bhoḥ' (the word 'bhoḥ')
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhoḥśabda
bhoḥśabda - the word 'bhoḥ' (an address particle)
Compound of `bhoḥ` (particle) and `śabda` (word)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhoḥ+śabda)
- bhoḥ – O! (vocative particle, often for addressing equals or inferiors)
indeclinable - śabda – word, sound
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of 'kīrtayet'.
कीर्तयेत् (kīrtayet) - one should utter (the word 'bhoḥ') (should utter, should proclaim, should mention)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of kīrtayet
Optative Mood
From root `kīrt` (to mention, to praise), causative stem. Optative, 3rd person singular, `parasmaipada`.
Root: kīrt (class 10)
Note: The subject is implicitly 'one'.
अन्ते (ante) - at the end (of one's name) (at the end, lastly)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial usage.
स्वस्य (svasya) - of his own (name) (of one's own)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of sva
sva - one's own, self, own property
नाम्नः (nāmnaḥ) - of one's name (of the name)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of nāman
nāman - name, appellation, noun
अभिवादने (abhivādane) - when performing the salutation (in salutation, at the time of greeting)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of abhivādana
abhivādana - saluting, greeting, respectful address
From prefix `abhi-` + root `vad` (to speak), + `lyuṭ` suffix
Prefix: abhi
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: Used adverbially for 'when'.
नाम्नाम् (nāmnām) - of names (in general) (of names)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of nāman
nāman - name, appellation, noun
स्वरूपभावः (svarūpabhāvaḥ) - the true nature or significance of names (essential nature, intrinsic form, proper state)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of svarūpabhāva
svarūpabhāva - essential nature, intrinsic form, proper state, identity
Compound of `svarūpa` (one's own form) and `bhāva` (state, nature)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarūpa+bhāva)
- svarūpa – one's own form, true nature, essential character
noun (neuter) - bhāva – state, condition, nature, feeling, existence
noun (masculine)
From root `bhū` (to be)
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
हि (hi) - provides emphasis and causal connection ("for indeed") (indeed, surely, for)
(indeclinable)
भोःभावः (bhoḥbhāvaḥ) - the characteristic or significance embodied by the address 'bhoḥ' (the state of 'bhoḥ', the nature of 'bhoḥ')
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhoḥbhāva
bhoḥbhāva - the state of 'bhoḥ', the nature or quality of being 'bhoḥ'
Compound of `bhoḥ` (particle) and `bhāva` (state, nature)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhoḥ+bhāva)
- bhoḥ – O! (vocative particle)
indeclinable - bhāva – state, condition, nature, feeling, existence
noun (masculine)
From root `bhū` (to be)
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative to `svarūpabhāvaḥ`.
ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the ancient seers (ṛṣi) (by the seers, by the sages)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi
ṛṣi - seer, sage, inspired poet, Vedic singer
Note: Agent in a passive construction (with `smṛtaḥ`).
स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - has been declared or taught (by the ṛṣis) (remembered, declared, taught, stated)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, taught, declared
Past Passive Participle
From root `smṛ` (to remember) + `kta` suffix
Root: smṛ (class 1)