महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-100

अमर्षितः स्वयं जेतुमशक्तः पाण्डवान्रणे ।
निरुत्साहश्च संप्राप्तुं श्रियमक्षत्रियो यथा ।
गान्धारराजसहितश्छद्मद्यूतममन्त्रयत् ॥१००॥

100. amarṣitaḥ svayaṁ jetumaśaktaḥ pāṇḍavānraṇe ,
nirutsāhaśca saṁprāptuṁ śriyamakṣatriyo yathā ,
gāndhārarājasahitaśchadmadyūtamamantrayat.

100. amarṣitaḥ svayam jetum aśaktaḥ
pāṇḍavān raṇe niruttsāhaḥ ca samprāptum
śriyam akṣatriyaḥ yathā
gāndhārarājasahitaḥ chadmadyūtam amantrayat

100. Indignant, and himself unable to conquer the Pāṇḍavas in battle, and devoid of enthusiasm to achieve glory—like one who is not a Kṣatriya—he, accompanied by the King of Gāndhāra (Śakuni), instigated the deceptive game of dice.

Words meanings summery:

• अमर्षितः (amarṣitaḥ) - indignant (angered, indignant, impatient)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (himself, personally)

• जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer (to conquer, to win)

• अशक्तः (aśaktaḥ) - unable (unable, incapable)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• निरुत्त्साहः (niruttsāhaḥ) - devoid of enthusiasm (devoid of energy, dispirited, disheartened)

• च (ca) - and

• सम्प्राप्तुम् (samprāptum) - to achieve (to obtain, to acquire)

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - glory (prosperity) (glory, splendor, prosperity)

• अक्षत्रियः (akṣatriyaḥ) - one who is not a Kṣatriya (unworthy of a Kṣatriya) (not a kṣatriya, unworthy of a kṣatriya)

• यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, according to)

• गान्धारराजसहितः (gāndhārarājasahitaḥ) - accompanied by the King of Gāndhāra (Śakuni) (accompanied by the king of Gāndhāra)

• छद्मद्यूतम् (chadmadyūtam) - the deceptive game of dice (deceptive dice game)

• अमन्त्रयत् (amantrayat) - he instigated (the dice game) (he invited, he consulted, he arranged, he instigated)

Words meanings and morphology

अमर्षितः (amarṣitaḥ) - indignant (angered, indignant, impatient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amarṣita

amarṣita - impatient, intolerant, indignant, angry

past participle

Past passive participle of root 'mṛṣ' with prefix 'a' (negation or intensification).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+marṣita)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• marṣita – endured, tolerated
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  Past passive participle of root 'mṛṣ'.
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (himself, personally)

(indeclinable)

जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer (to conquer, to win)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of jetum

infinitive

Infinitive form of the root 'ji'.

Root: ji (class 1)

अशक्तः (aśaktaḥ) - unable (unable, incapable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśakta

aśakta - unable, incapable, powerless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śakta)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• śakta – able, capable, powerful
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  Past passive participle of root 'śak'.
  Root: śak (class 5)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

निरुत्त्साहः (niruttsāhaḥ) - devoid of enthusiasm (devoid of energy, dispirited, disheartened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niruttsāha

niruttsāha - devoid of energy or spirit, dispirited, discouraged

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ut-sāha)

• nis – out, forth, without, away
  indeclinable
• ut-sāha – effort, endeavor, energy, enthusiasm
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  Action noun from root 'sah' with prefix 'ut'.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sah (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सम्प्राप्तुम् (samprāptum) - to achieve (to obtain, to acquire)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of sam-pra-āp

infinitive

Infinitive form of the root 'āp' with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

श्रियम् (śriyam) - glory (prosperity) (glory, splendor, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - light, luster, radiance; prosperity, wealth, fortune; glory, splendor, beauty

अक्षत्रियः (akṣatriyaḥ) - one who is not a Kṣatriya (unworthy of a Kṣatriya) (not a kṣatriya, unworthy of a kṣatriya)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣatriya

akṣatriya - not a kṣatriya, one who does not belong to the warrior class; unfit for a kṣatriya

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣatriya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• kṣatriya – a member of the warrior class, a warrior
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, according to)

(indeclinable)

गान्धारराजसहितः (gāndhārarājasahitaḥ) - accompanied by the King of Gāndhāra (Śakuni) (accompanied by the king of Gāndhāra)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāndhārarājasahita

gāndhārarājasahita - accompanied by the king of Gāndhāra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāndhāra+rāja+sahita)

• gāndhāra – Gāndhāra (name of a country and its people)
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king
  noun (masculine)
• sahita – accompanied by, connected with
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  Past passive participle of root 'dhā' with prefix 'sa'.
  Root: dhā (class 3)

छद्मद्यूतम् (chadmadyūtam) - the deceptive game of dice (deceptive dice game)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chadmadyūta

chadmadyūta - game of dice with deceit, fraudulent gambling

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (chadman+dyūta)

• chadman – deceit, fraud, disguise
  noun (neuter)
• dyūta – dice, game of dice, gambling
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dyut (class 1)

अमन्त्रयत् (amantrayat) - he instigated (the dice game) (he invited, he consulted, he arranged, he instigated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of mantr

imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular of the denominative root 'mantr' (from 'mantra').

Root: mantr (class 10)