महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-146

यदाश्रौषं कर्णमत्यन्तशूरं हतं पार्थेनाहवेष्वप्रधृष्यम् ।
तस्मिन्भ्रातॄणां विग्रहे देवगुह्ये तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१४६॥

146. yadāśrauṣaṁ karṇamatyantaśūraṁ; hataṁ pārthenāhaveṣvapradhṛṣyam ,
tasminbhrātṝṇāṁ vigrahe devaguhye; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

146. yadā aśrauṣam karṇam atyantaśūram
hatam pārthena āhaveṣu apradhṛṣyam
tasmin bhrātṝṇām vigrahe devaguhye
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

146. When I heard that Karna, who was exceedingly valiant and unconquerable in battles, was slain by Partha in that conflict of brothers, which was a divine secret, then, O Sanjaya, I gave up all hope for victory.

146. כאשר שמעתי שקַרְנַה, הגיבור הדגול שאי אפשר היה להתגבר עליו בקרבות, נהרג בידי פָּארְטְהַא, באותה מריבה בין אחים שהיא סוד של האלים, אז, הו סַנְג׳ַיַה, איבדתי כל תקווה לניצחון.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• अत्यन्तशूरम् (atyantaśūram) - exceedingly valiant (extremely brave, very heroic)

• हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed)

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha (Arjuna)

• आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles (in battles, in conflicts)

• अप्रधृष्यम् (apradhṛṣyam) - unconquerable (unconquerable, invincible)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers

• विग्रहे (vigrahe) - in that conflict (in conflict, in quarrel, in dispute)

• देवगुह्ये (devaguhye) - which was a divine secret (in a divine secret)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for) (I hope, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past perfect (luṅ) of śru

root

Root: śru (class 5)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name); ear

अत्यन्तशूरम् (atyantaśūram) - exceedingly valiant (extremely brave, very heroic)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atyantaśūra

atyantaśūra - extremely brave, very heroic

Compound of atyanta (excessive, extreme) and śūra (brave, heroic).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (atyanta+śūra)

• atyanta – excessive, extreme, ultimate
  adjective
• śūra – brave, heroic, warrior
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies Karna.

हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of han

han - to strike, to slay, to kill

past participle

Past participle of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies Karna.

पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha (Arjuna)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles (in battles, in conflicts)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat

Note: in battles

अप्रधृष्यम् (apradhṛṣyam) - unconquerable (unconquerable, invincible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apradhṛṣya

apradhṛṣya - unconquerable, invincible, unassailable

Negation (a) of pradhṛṣya (assailable, conquerable, from pra-dhṛṣ).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pradhṛṣya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• pradhṛṣya – assailable, conquerable
  adjective (masculine)
  gerundive/potential participle
  Gerundive of pra-dhṛṣ
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Modifies Karna.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Modifies vigrahe.

भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: of the brothers

विग्रहे (vigrahe) - in that conflict (in conflict, in quarrel, in dispute)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vigraha

vigraha - separation, dispute, conflict, war

देवगुह्ये (devaguhye) - which was a divine secret (in a divine secret)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of devaguhya

devaguhya - divine secret, mystery of the gods

Compound of deva (god) and guhya (secret, mystery).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+guhya)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• guhya – secret, mysterious, hidden
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Adjective or apposition to vigrahe.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for) (I hope, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śaṃs

Root śaṃs with prefix ā (to hope for)

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)

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