महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-146

यदाश्रौषं कर्णमत्यन्तशूरं हतं पार्थेनाहवेष्वप्रधृष्यम् ।
तस्मिन्भ्रातॄणां विग्रहे देवगुह्ये तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१४६॥

146. yadāśrauṣaṁ karṇamatyantaśūraṁ; hataṁ pārthenāhaveṣvapradhṛṣyam ,
tasminbhrātṝṇāṁ vigrahe devaguhye; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

146. yadā aśrauṣam karṇam atyantaśūram
hatam pārthena āhaveṣu apradhṛṣyam
tasmin bhrātṝṇām vigrahe devaguhye
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

146. When I heard that Karna, who was exceedingly valiant and unconquerable in battles, was slain by Partha in that conflict of brothers, which was a divine secret, then, O Sanjaya, I gave up all hope for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• अत्यन्तशूरम् (atyantaśūram) - exceedingly valiant (extremely brave, very heroic)

• हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed)

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha (Arjuna)

• आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles (in battles, in conflicts)

• अप्रधृष्यम् (apradhṛṣyam) - unconquerable (unconquerable, invincible)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers

• विग्रहे (vigrahe) - in that conflict (in conflict, in quarrel, in dispute)

• देवगुह्ये (devaguhye) - which was a divine secret (in a divine secret)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for) (I hope, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past perfect (luṅ) of śru

root

Root: śru (class 5)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name); ear

अत्यन्तशूरम् (atyantaśūram) - exceedingly valiant (extremely brave, very heroic)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atyantaśūra

atyantaśūra - extremely brave, very heroic

Compound of atyanta (excessive, extreme) and śūra (brave, heroic).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (atyanta+śūra)

• atyanta – excessive, extreme, ultimate
  adjective
• śūra – brave, heroic, warrior
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies Karna.

हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of han

han - to strike, to slay, to kill

past participle

Past participle of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies Karna.

पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha (Arjuna)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

आहवेषु (āhaveṣu) - in battles (in battles, in conflicts)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat

Note: in battles

अप्रधृष्यम् (apradhṛṣyam) - unconquerable (unconquerable, invincible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apradhṛṣya

apradhṛṣya - unconquerable, invincible, unassailable

Negation (a) of pradhṛṣya (assailable, conquerable, from pra-dhṛṣ).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pradhṛṣya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• pradhṛṣya – assailable, conquerable
  adjective (masculine)
  gerundive/potential participle
  Gerundive of pra-dhṛṣ
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Modifies Karna.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Modifies vigrahe.

भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: of the brothers

विग्रहे (vigrahe) - in that conflict (in conflict, in quarrel, in dispute)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vigraha

vigraha - separation, dispute, conflict, war

देवगुह्ये (devaguhye) - which was a divine secret (in a divine secret)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of devaguhya

devaguhya - divine secret, mystery of the gods

Compound of deva (god) and guhya (secret, mystery).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+guhya)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• guhya – secret, mysterious, hidden
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Adjective or apposition to vigrahe.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for) (I hope, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śaṃs

Root śaṃs with prefix ā (to hope for)

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)