महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-117

यदाश्रौषं नरनारायणौ तौ कृष्णार्जुनौ वदतो नारदस्य ।
अहं द्रष्टा ब्रह्मलोके सदेति तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥११७॥

117. yadāśrauṣaṁ naranārāyaṇau tau; kṛṣṇārjunau vadato nāradasya ,
ahaṁ draṣṭā brahmaloke sadeti; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

117. yadā aśrauṣam naranārāyaṇau tau
kṛṣṇārjunau vadato nāradasya
aham draṣṭā brahmaloke sadā iti
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

117. O Sañjaya, when I heard Nārada speaking of those two, Krishna and Arjuna, as Nara and Nārāyaṇa, saying, 'I always behold them in Brahmaloka (the world of Brahmā),' then I lost all hope for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• नरनारायणौ (naranārāyaṇau) - referring to Krishna and Arjuna as divine sages Nara and Nārāyaṇa (Nara and Nārāyaṇa)

• तौ (tau) - those two

• कृष्णार्जुनौ (kṛṣṇārjunau) - Krishna and Arjuna

• वदतो (vadato) - from Nārada, who was speaking (speaking, saying)

• नारदस्य (nāradasya) - of Nārada

• अहम् (aham) - Nārada (the speaker of the quote) (I)

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - I (Nārada) am a seer (who sees them) (a seer, beholder)

• ब्रह्मलोके (brahmaloke) - in Brahmaloka (the world of Brahmā)

• सदा (sadā) - always

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a direct quote (thus, so)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• न (na) - not

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I had hope for, I hoped for (in past context) (I hope)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

नरनारायणौ (naranārāyaṇau) - referring to Krishna and Arjuna as divine sages Nara and Nārāyaṇa (Nara and Nārāyaṇa)

(proper_noun)

Compound type : dvandva (nara+nārāyaṇa)

• nara – man, human being, a divine sage (Nara)
  noun (masculine)
• nārāyaṇa – Nārāyaṇa (epithet of Viṣṇu, also a divine sage)
  proper_noun (masculine)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: agrees with 'kṛṣṇārjunau' and 'naranārāyaṇau'

कृष्णार्जुनौ (kṛṣṇārjunau) - Krishna and Arjuna

(proper_noun)

Compound type : dvandva (kṛṣṇa+arjuna)

• kṛṣṇa – Krishna (an incarnation of Vishnu)
  proper_noun (masculine)
• arjuna – Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍava brothers)
  proper_noun (masculine)

वदतो (vadato) - from Nārada, who was speaking (speaking, saying)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying, telling

present active participle

present active participle of root vad (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: agrees with 'nāradasya'

नारदस्य (nāradasya) - of Nārada

(proper_noun)

अहम् (aham) - Nārada (the speaker of the quote) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - I (Nārada) am a seer (who sees them) (a seer, beholder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, beholder, observer, witness

agent noun

agent noun formed from root dṛś with suffix -tṛ

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ब्रह्मलोके (brahmaloke) - in Brahmaloka (the world of Brahmā)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brahmaloka

brahmaloka - the world of Brahmā, a celestial realm

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+loka)

• brahman – Brahmā (the creator god); the absolute reality
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, universe, people
  noun (masculine)

सदा (sadā) - always

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - marks the end of a direct quote (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I had hope for, I hoped for (in past context) (I hope)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of āśaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

action noun

from root ji with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya

(proper_noun)