महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-117

यदाश्रौषं नरनारायणौ तौ कृष्णार्जुनौ वदतो नारदस्य ।
अहं द्रष्टा ब्रह्मलोके सदेति तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥११७॥

117. yadāśrauṣaṁ naranārāyaṇau tau; kṛṣṇārjunau vadato nāradasya ,
ahaṁ draṣṭā brahmaloke sadeti; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

117. yadā aśrauṣam naranārāyaṇau tau
kṛṣṇārjunau vadato nāradasya
aham draṣṭā brahmaloke sadā iti
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

117. O Sañjaya, when I heard Nārada speaking of those two, Krishna and Arjuna, as Nara and Nārāyaṇa, saying, 'I always behold them in Brahmaloka (the world of Brahmā),' then I lost all hope for victory.

117. כששמעתי את נָארַדַה אומר על נַרַה ונָארָאיַנַה, הם קְרְשְׁנַה ואַרְג׳וּנַה, שהוא תמיד רואה אותם בבְּרַהְמַלוֹקַה (עולמו של בְּרַהְמָה), אז, הו סַנְג׳ַיַה, לא קיויתי לניצחון.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• नरनारायणौ (naranārāyaṇau) - referring to Krishna and Arjuna as divine sages Nara and Nārāyaṇa (Nara and Nārāyaṇa)

• तौ (tau) - those two

• कृष्णार्जुनौ (kṛṣṇārjunau) - Krishna and Arjuna

• वदतो (vadato) - from Nārada, who was speaking (speaking, saying)

• नारदस्य (nāradasya) - of Nārada

• अहम् (aham) - Nārada (the speaker of the quote) (I)

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - I (Nārada) am a seer (who sees them) (a seer, beholder)

• ब्रह्मलोके (brahmaloke) - in Brahmaloka (the world of Brahmā)

• सदा (sadā) - always

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a direct quote (thus, so)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• न (na) - not

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I had hope for, I hoped for (in past context) (I hope)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

नरनारायणौ (naranārāyaṇau) - referring to Krishna and Arjuna as divine sages Nara and Nārāyaṇa (Nara and Nārāyaṇa)

(proper_noun)

Compound type : dvandva (nara+nārāyaṇa)

• nara – man, human being, a divine sage (Nara)
  noun (masculine)
• nārāyaṇa – Nārāyaṇa (epithet of Viṣṇu, also a divine sage)
  proper_noun (masculine)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: agrees with 'kṛṣṇārjunau' and 'naranārāyaṇau'

कृष्णार्जुनौ (kṛṣṇārjunau) - Krishna and Arjuna

(proper_noun)

Compound type : dvandva (kṛṣṇa+arjuna)

• kṛṣṇa – Krishna (an incarnation of Vishnu)
  proper_noun (masculine)
• arjuna – Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍava brothers)
  proper_noun (masculine)

वदतो (vadato) - from Nārada, who was speaking (speaking, saying)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying, telling

present active participle

present active participle of root vad (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: agrees with 'nāradasya'

नारदस्य (nāradasya) - of Nārada

(proper_noun)

अहम् (aham) - Nārada (the speaker of the quote) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - I (Nārada) am a seer (who sees them) (a seer, beholder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, beholder, observer, witness

agent noun

agent noun formed from root dṛś with suffix -tṛ

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ब्रह्मलोके (brahmaloke) - in Brahmaloka (the world of Brahmā)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brahmaloka

brahmaloka - the world of Brahmā, a celestial realm

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+loka)

• brahman – Brahmā (the creator god); the absolute reality
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, universe, people
  noun (masculine)

सदा (sadā) - always

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - marks the end of a direct quote (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I had hope for, I hoped for (in past context) (I hope)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of āśaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

action noun

from root ji with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya

(proper_noun)

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