महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-163

श्रुतवानसि वै राज्ञो महोत्साहान्महाबलान् ।
द्वैपायनस्य वदतो नारदस्य च धीमतः ॥१६३॥

163. śrutavānasi vai rājño mahotsāhānmahābalān ,
dvaipāyanasya vadato nāradasya ca dhīmataḥ.

163. śrutavān asi vai rājñaḥ mahotsāhān mahābalān
dvaipāyanasya vadataḥ nāradasya ca dhīmataḥ

163. Indeed, you have heard from Dvaipāyana and the wise Narada about kings who were greatly enthusiastic and mighty.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - one who has heard (referring to the addressee) (one who has heard)

• असि (asi) - you are

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, verily)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of kings (of a king, of kings)

• महोत्साहान् (mahotsāhān) - greatly enthusiastic, high-spirited (greatly enthusiastic, full of great energy)

• महाबलान् (mahābalān) - mighty, of great strength (very powerful, mighty)

• द्वैपायनस्य (dvaipāyanasya) - of Dvaipāyana (Vyasa) (of Dvaipāyana)

• वदतः (vadataḥ) - as he spoke, speaking (speaking, telling)

• नारदस्य (nāradasya) - of Narada

• च (ca) - and

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - wise, intelligent (wise, intelligent, thoughtful)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - one who has heard (referring to the addressee) (one who has heard)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutavat

śrutavat - one who has heard, learned, having heard

past active participle (kṛt)

Derived from root śru (to hear) + suffix -vat (Pāṇini 3.2.102)

Root: śru (class 5)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, verily)

(indeclinable)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of kings (of a king, of kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj

Note: Could also be singular genitive, but plural fits the context of following adjectives and verses listing many kings.

महोत्साहान् (mahotsāhān) - greatly enthusiastic, high-spirited (greatly enthusiastic, full of great energy)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahotsāha

mahotsāha - having great enthusiasm/energy, great-spirited, very energetic

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+utsāha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, effort, perseverance
  noun (masculine)
  From root sah (to endure, overcome) with prefix ud (up)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kings' as objects of hearing. The accusative plural here refers to the kings as objects of the description from Dvaipāyana and Narada.

महाबलान् (mahābalān) - mighty, of great strength (very powerful, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful, mighty, strong

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, might, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'kings' as objects of hearing. See notes for `mahotsāhān`.

द्वैपायनस्य (dvaipāyanasya) - of Dvaipāyana (Vyasa) (of Dvaipāyana)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dvaipāyana

dvaipāyana - Dvaipāyana (a name for Vyasa, meaning 'island-born')

Patronymic derived from dvīpa (island)

वदतः (vadataḥ) - as he spoke, speaking (speaking, telling)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying, telling, a speaker

present active participle

Derived from root vad (to speak) + śatṛ suffix

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agreement with `dvaipāyanasya`.

नारदस्य (nāradasya) - of Narada

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Narada (a divine sage, son of Brahmā)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - wise, intelligent (wise, intelligent, thoughtful)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, thoughtful, discerning, endowed with understanding

Derived from dhī (intellect, understanding) + matup suffix

Note: Agreement with `nāradasya`.