महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-153

यदाश्रौषं द्रोणपुत्रादिभिस्तैर्हतान्पाञ्चालान्द्रौपदेयांश्च सुप्तान् ।
कृतं बीभत्समयशस्यं च कर्म तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१५३॥

153. yadāśrauṣaṁ droṇaputrādibhistai;rhatānpāñcālāndraupadeyāṁśca suptān ,
kṛtaṁ bībhatsamayaśasyaṁ ca karma; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

153. yadā aśrauṣam droṇaputrādibhiḥ taiḥ
hatān pāñcālān draupadeyān ca suptān
| kṛtam bībhatsam ayaśasyam ca
karma tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

153. When I heard, O Saṃjaya, that the Pāñcālas and Draupadī's sons had been killed in their sleep by those led by Droṇa's son, and that such a heinous and infamous act had been committed, then I no longer hoped for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• द्रोणपुत्रादिभिः (droṇaputrādibhiḥ) - by those headed by Droṇa's son

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those

• हतान् (hatān) - killed, slain

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas (people of Pañcāla)

• द्रौपदेयान् (draupadeyān) - the sons of Draupadī

• च (ca) - and

• सुप्तान् (suptān) - while sleeping (sleeping)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

• बीभत्सम् (bībhatsam) - heinous (horrible, disgusting, odious)

• अयशस्यम् (ayaśasyam) - infamous, ignominious

• च (ca) - and

• कर्म (karma) - deed, action

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• न (na) - not

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope for, I expect

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past perfect (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

द्रोणपुत्रादिभिः (droṇaputrādibhiḥ) - by those headed by Droṇa's son

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of droṇaputrādi

droṇaputrādi - Droṇa's son and others, those headed by Droṇa's son

compound, ends in 'ādi'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa (droṇaputra+ādi)

• droṇaputra – son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)
  noun (masculine)
  tatpuruṣa compound
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and others
  indeclinable (masculine)

तैः (taiḥ) - by those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हतान् (hatān) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

past passive participle

from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcālas (people of Pañcāla)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king of the Pañcālas, people of the Pañcāla country

refers to the Pañcāla warriors/kings

द्रौपदेयान् (draupadeyān) - the sons of Draupadī

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of draupadeya

draupadeya - son of Draupadī

derived from Draupadī

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सुप्तान् (suptān) - while sleeping (sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of supta

supta - asleep, sleeping, slept

past passive participle

from root svap (to sleep)

Root: svap (class 2)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

past passive participle

from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बीभत्सम् (bībhatsam) - heinous (horrible, disgusting, odious)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bībhatsa

bībhatsa - disgusting, horrible, odious, loathsome

अयशस्यम् (ayaśasyam) - infamous, ignominious

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ayaśasya

ayaśasya - disreputable, ignominious, inglorious

compound: a (negation) + yaśasya (favorable to fame)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+yaśasya)

• a – not, un-, in-
  indeclinable
• yaśasya – conducive to fame, famous
  adjective (neuter)
  derived from yaśas (fame)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कर्म (karma) - deed, action

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope for, I expect

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

from root ji (to conquer) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (personal name), victory, triumphant

from root ji (to conquer) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)