महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-147

यदाश्रौषं द्रोणपुत्रं कृपं च दुःशासनं कृतवर्माणमुग्रम् ।
युधिष्ठिरं शून्यमधर्षयन्तं तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१४७॥

147. yadāśrauṣaṁ droṇaputraṁ kṛpaṁ ca; duḥśāsanaṁ kṛtavarmāṇamugram ,
yudhiṣṭhiraṁ śūnyamadharṣayantaṁ; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

147. yadā aśrauṣam droṇaputram kṛpam
ca duḥśāsanam kṛtavarmāṇam ugram
yudhiṣṭhiram śūnyam adharṣayantam
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

147. When I heard that Drona's son, Kripa, Duhshasana, and the formidable Kritavarma were assailing Yudhishthira, who was alone and unprotected, then, O Sanjaya, I gave up all hope for victory.

147. כאשר שמעתי על בן דְרוֹנַה, קְרְפַּה, דוּהְשָׁאסַנַה וקְרְטַוַרְמַה האכזרי, ועל יוּדְהִישְׁטְהִירַה שנותר ללא מגן ובכל זאת לא נכנע להם, אז, הו סַנְג׳ַיַה, איבדתי כל תקווה לניצחון.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - Drona's son (Ashvatthama) (son of Drona)

• कृपम् (kṛpam) - Kripa

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दुःशासनम् (duḥśāsanam) - Duhshasana

• कृतवर्माणम् (kṛtavarmāṇam) - Kritavarma

• उग्रम् (ugram) - formidable (fierce, terrible, formidable)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

• शून्यम् (śūnyam) - alone, unprotected (empty, void, alone, unprotected)

• अधर्षयन्तम् (adharṣayantam) - assailing, attacking (assailing, attacking, conquering)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for) (I hope, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past perfect (luṅ) of śru

root

Root: śru (class 5)

द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - Drona's son (Ashvatthama) (son of Drona)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Drona

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Drona (proper name)
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Ashvatthama.

कृपम् (kṛpam) - Kripa

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kripa (proper name)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दुःशासनम् (duḥśāsanam) - Duhshasana

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duhshasana (proper name)

कृतवर्माणम् (kṛtavarmāṇam) - Kritavarma

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman

kṛtavarman - Kritavarma (proper name)

उग्रम् (ugram) - formidable (fierce, terrible, formidable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, formidable, powerful

Note: Modifies kṛtavarmāṇam.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name)

शून्यम् (śūnyam) - alone, unprotected (empty, void, alone, unprotected)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, deserted, alone, unprotected

Note: Modifies Yudhishthira.

अधर्षयन्तम् (adharṣayantam) - assailing, attacking (assailing, attacking, conquering)

(nominal form)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣ

dhṛṣ - to be bold, to dare, to overcome

present participle (causative)

Present participle of the causative form dharṣayati from dhṛṣ with prefix a (towards, upon).

Prefix: a

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Referring to the action of the group (Dronaputra etc.) upon Yudhishthira.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for) (I hope, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śaṃs

Root śaṃs with prefix ā (to hope for)

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)

Previous Verse Next Verse