महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-125

यदाश्रौषं भीष्मममित्रकर्शनं निघ्नन्तमाजावयुतं रथानाम् ।
नैषां कश्चिद्वध्यते दृश्यरूपस्तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१२५॥

125. yadāśrauṣaṁ bhīṣmamamitrakarśanaṁ; nighnantamājāvayutaṁ rathānām ,
naiṣāṁ kaścidvadhyate dṛśyarūpa;stadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

125. yadā aśrauṣam bhīṣmam amitrakarśanam
nighnantam ājau ayutam rathānām
na eṣām kaścit vadhyate dṛśyarūpaḥ
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya sañjaya

125. O Sañjaya, when I heard that Bhīṣma, the destroyer of enemies, was slaying ten thousand chariots in battle, and yet no prominent warrior among them was slain, then I no longer hoped for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

• अमित्रकर्शनम् (amitrakarśanam) - one who wastes away or diminishes foes (destroyer of enemies)

• निघ्नन्तम् (nighnantam) - slaying, striking down

• आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in conflict

• अयुतम् (ayutam) - a massive number of (ten thousand)

• रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots

• न (na) - not, no

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (Pandavas or their forces) (of these)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - any particular (prominent) person (someone, anyone, some)

• वध्यते (vadhyate) - is slain, is killed

• दृश्यरूपः (dṛśyarūpaḥ) - a prominent or recognizable warrior (whose form is visible, visible person)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• न (na) - not, no

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope, I expect

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru hero); terrible, formidable

अमित्रकर्शनम् (amitrakarśanam) - one who wastes away or diminishes foes (destroyer of enemies)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amitrakarśana

amitrakarśana - destroyer of enemies, enemy-chastiser

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (amitra+karśana)

• amitra – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: a
• karśana – wasting, emaciating, tormenting, destroying
  noun (masculine)
  action noun/agent noun
  derived from √kṛś (to make lean, emaciate)
  Root: kṛś (class 6)

निघ्नन्तम् (nighnantam) - slaying, striking down

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nighnat

nighnat - slaying, striking down, killing

present participle

derived from ni-√han (to strike down, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'bhīṣmam'.

आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āji

āji - battle, fight, contest

अयुतम् (ayutam) - a massive number of (ten thousand)

(numeral)

रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (Pandavas or their forces) (of these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these, he, she, it

कश्चित् (kaścit) - any particular (prominent) person (someone, anyone, some)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, anyone, some, a certain

वध्यते (vadhyate) - is slain, is killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vadh

Root: han (class 2)

दृश्यरूपः (dṛśyarūpaḥ) - a prominent or recognizable warrior (whose form is visible, visible person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛśyarūpa

dṛśyarūpa - of visible form, having a visible body/figure

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛśya+rūpa)

• dṛśya – visible, to be seen
  adjective
  gerundive
  derived from √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• rūpa – form, shape, figure, appearance
  noun (neuter)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope, I expect

(verb)

1st person , singular, ātmanepada, present (laṭ) of āśaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

action noun

derived from vi-√ji

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer); victory, triumphant

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)