महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-149

यदाश्रौषं कलहद्यूतमूलं मायाबलं सौबलं पाण्डवेन ।
हतं संग्रामे सहदेवेन पापं तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१४९॥

149. yadāśrauṣaṁ kalahadyūtamūlaṁ; māyābalaṁ saubalaṁ pāṇḍavena ,
hataṁ saṁgrāme sahadevena pāpaṁ; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

149. yadā aśrauṣam kalahadyūtamūlam
māyābalam saubalam pāṇḍavena |
hatam saṅgrāme sahadevena pāpam
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya sañjaya

149. O Sañjaya, when I heard that the sinful son of Subala (Śakuni), whose power was trickery and whose origin was the dice game of discord, was slain in battle by Sahadeva, a Pāṇḍava, then I lost all hope for victory.

149. כאשר שמעתי ששַׁקוּנִי בן סוּבַּלַה, שורש המריבה והמשחק בקוביות, שכוחו בתעתועים, נהרג בקרב בידי סַהַדֵוַה הפָּאנְדַוַה, אז, הו סַנְג׳ַיַה, איבדתי כל תקווה לניצחון.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• कलहद्यूतमूलम् (kalahadyūtamūlam) - whose origin was the dice game of discord (having its root in the dice game of discord)

• मायाबलम् (māyābalam) - whose power was trickery (whose strength is illusion/trickery, having the power of illusion)

• सौबलम् (saubalam) - Śakuni (son of Subala) (son of Subala (Śakuni))

• पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by a Pāṇḍava (by a descendant of Pāṇḍu, by a Pāṇḍava)

• हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed, struck down)

• सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• सहदेवेन (sahadevena) - by Sahadeva

• पापम् (pāpam) - sinful (sinful, wicked, evil)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (I hope, I wish, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory (for victory, for triumph)

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya (Sanjaya)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

कलहद्यूतमूलम् (kalahadyūtamūlam) - whose origin was the dice game of discord (having its root in the dice game of discord)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalahadyūtamūla

kalahadyūtamūla - having discord-gambling as its root/origin

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kalaha+dyūta+mūla)

• kalaha – quarrel, dispute, contention, strife
  noun (masculine)
• dyūta – gambling, game of dice
  noun (neuter)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation, cause
  noun (neuter)

मायाबलम् (māyābalam) - whose power was trickery (whose strength is illusion/trickery, having the power of illusion)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māyābala

māyābala - having the power of illusion or deceit

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (māyā+bala)

• māyā – illusion, magic, trickery, deceit
  noun (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force, might
  noun (neuter)

सौबलम् (saubalam) - Śakuni (son of Subala) (son of Subala (Śakuni))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - descendant of Subala, Śakuni

patronymic from Subala

पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by a Pāṇḍava (by a descendant of Pāṇḍu, by a Pāṇḍava)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava prince

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed, struck down)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

past passive participle

from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, fight, engagement

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

सहदेवेन (sahadevena) - by Sahadeva

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (the youngest of the Pāṇḍava brothers)

Prefix: saha

Root: dev (class 1)

पापम् (pāpam) - sinful (sinful, wicked, evil)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, wicked, sinful, sin, vice

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (I hope, I wish, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-śaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory (for victory, for triumph)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

action noun

from vi-ji (to conquer)

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya (Sanjaya)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

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