महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-111

यदाश्रौषं वैश्रवणेन सार्धं समागतं भीममन्यांश्च पार्थान् ।
तस्मिन्देशे मानुषाणामगम्ये तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१११॥

111. yadāśrauṣaṁ vaiśravaṇena sārdhaṁ; samāgataṁ bhīmamanyāṁśca pārthān ,
tasmindeśe mānuṣāṇāmagamye; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

111. yadā aśrauṣam vaiśravaṇena sārdham
samāgatam bhīmam anyān ca
pārthān tasmin deśe mānuṣāṇām agamye
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

111. Sañjaya, when I heard that Bhīma and the other Pārthas had met Vaiśravaṇa in that region inaccessible to humans, I then no longer hoped for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• वैश्रवणेन (vaiśravaṇena) - with Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera) (by Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera))

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with (with, together with)

• समागतम् (samāgatam) - met, arrived (arrived, met, come together)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍavas) (Bhīma (a name, 'terrible'))

• अन्यान् (anyān) - other (other (ones))

• च (ca) - and

• पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pārthas (Yudhishthira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva) (the Pārthas (sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī))

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• देशे (deśe) - in that region (in the country, in the region, in the place)

• मानुषाणाम् (mānuṣāṇām) - of humans (of humans, of men)

• अगम्ये (agamye) - inaccessible (inaccessible, impassable)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for victory) (I hope, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory (for victory, to victory)

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya (O Sañjaya (vocative))

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past (luṅ) of śru

root of the 5th conjugation (śṛṇoti)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: augment 'a' indicates past tense

वैश्रवणेन (vaiśravaṇena) - with Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera) (by Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vaiśravaṇa

vaiśravaṇa - son of Viśravas (epithet of Kubera, god of wealth)

patronymic from Viśravas

Note: Used with sārdham to indicate accompaniment

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Requires instrumental case

समागतम् (samāgatam) - met, arrived (arrived, met, come together)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samāgata

samāgata - come together, met, arrived, assembled

past passive participle

from sam + ā + gam (to go)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhīmam and pārthān (collective singular)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍavas) (Bhīma (a name, 'terrible'))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, dreadful, fearful, a proper name

from root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of 'heard'

अन्यान् (anyān) - other (other (ones))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Refers to other Pārthas

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins Bhīma and other Pārthas

पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pārthas (Yudhishthira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva) (the Pārthas (sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a proper name (Yudhishthira, Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva)

patronymic from Pṛthā

Note: Object of 'heard'

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with deśe

देशे (deśe) - in that region (in the country, in the region, in the place)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - country, region, place, spot

Note: Location

मानुषाणाम् (mānuṣāṇām) - of humans (of humans, of men)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, belonging to man, human being

derived from manu

Note: Possessive, related to agamye

अगम्ये (agamye) - inaccessible (inaccessible, impassable)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of agamya

agamya - inaccessible, unapproachable, not to be reached, impossible to traverse

gerundive/potential participle

from a (negation) + gam (to go) + ya (kṛtya suffix)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+gamya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• gamya – to be gone to, accessible
  gerundive (masculine)
  gerundive/potential participle
  from root gam (to go) + ya (kṛtya suffix)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with deśe

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlates with yadā

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for victory) (I hope, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of āśaṃs

from ā + śaṃs (to praise, declare)

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada form

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory (for victory, to victory)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest, success

action noun

from vi + ji (to conquer)

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya (O Sañjaya (vocative))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (proper name), victory, conquest

Note: Address to Sañjaya