महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-154

यदाश्रौषं भीमसेनानुयातेन अश्वत्थाम्ना परमास्त्रं प्रयुक्तम् ।
क्रुद्धेनैषीकमवधीद्येन गर्भं तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१५४॥

154. yadāśrauṣaṁ bhīmasenānuyātena; aśvatthāmnā paramāstraṁ prayuktam ,
kruddhenaiṣīkamavadhīdyena garbhaṁ; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

154. yadā aśrauṣam bhīmasenānuyātena
aśvatthāmnā paramāstram prayuktam |
kruddhena aiṣīkam avadhīt yena
garbham tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

154. When I heard, O Saṃjaya, that the supreme weapon had been discharged by Aśvatthāmā, who was being pursued by Bhīmasena, and that by the enraged (Aśvatthāmā), an embryo was killed with that Aiṣīka weapon, then I no longer hoped for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• भीमसेनानुयातेन (bhīmasenānuyātena) - by Bhīmasena's pursuer (by him who was followed/pursued by Bhīmasena)

• अश्वत्थाम्ना (aśvatthāmnā) - by Aśvatthāmā

• परमास्त्रम् (paramāstram) - the supreme weapon

• प्रयुक्तम् (prayuktam) - discharged, employed, used

• क्रुद्धेन (kruddhena) - by the enraged (Aśvatthāmā) (by the enraged one)

• ऐषीकम् (aiṣīkam) - the Aiṣīka weapon (a Brahmāstra variation)

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - killed, destroyed

• येन (yena) - by whom (referring to Aśvatthāmā) (by whom, by which)

• गर्भम् (garbham) - embryo, fetus, womb

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• न (na) - not

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope for, I expect

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past perfect (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

भीमसेनानुयातेन (bhīmasenānuyātena) - by Bhīmasena's pursuer (by him who was followed/pursued by Bhīmasena)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasenānuyāta

bhīmasenānuyāta - followed by Bhīmasena, pursued by Bhīmasena

compound: Bhīmasena + anuyāta (followed)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīmasena+anuyāta)

• bhīmasena – Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava brother)
  noun (masculine)
• anuyāta – followed, pursued, accompanied
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root yā (to go) with prefix anu
  Prefix: anu
  Root: yā (class 2)

अश्वत्थाम्ना (aśvatthāmnā) - by Aśvatthāmā

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (name of Droṇa's son)

परमास्त्रम् (paramāstram) - the supreme weapon

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paramāstra

paramāstra - supreme weapon, ultimate missile

karmadhāraya compound: parama (supreme) + astra (weapon)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+astra)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost
  adjective (neuter)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

प्रयुक्तम् (prayuktam) - discharged, employed, used

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prayukta

prayukta - employed, used, applied, discharged

past passive participle

from root yuj (to join, apply) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

क्रुद्धेन (kruddhena) - by the enraged (Aśvatthāmā) (by the enraged one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

past passive participle

from root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

ऐषीकम् (aiṣīkam) - the Aiṣīka weapon (a Brahmāstra variation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aiṣīka

aiṣīka - made of reeds (īṣīkā), relating to a reed; often refers to a particular Brahmāstra form or its effect

derived from īṣīkā (reed)

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - killed, destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (luṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

येन (yena) - by whom (referring to Aśvatthāmā) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

गर्भम् (garbham) - embryo, fetus, womb

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of garbha

garbha - womb, embryo, fetus, interior

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope for, I expect

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

from root ji (to conquer) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (personal name), victory, triumphant

from root ji (to conquer) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)