महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-151

यदाश्रौषं पाण्डवांस्तिष्ठमानान्गङ्गाह्रदे वासुदेवेन सार्धम् ।
अमर्षणं धर्षयतः सुतं मे तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१५१॥

151. yadāśrauṣaṁ pāṇḍavāṁstiṣṭhamānā;ngaṅgāhrade vāsudevena sārdham ,
amarṣaṇaṁ dharṣayataḥ sutaṁ me; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

151. yadā aśrauṣam pāṇḍavān tiṣṭhamānān
gaṅgāhrade vāsudevena sārdham
| amarṣaṇam dharṣayataḥ sutam me
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya sañjaya

151. O Sañjaya, when I heard that the Pāṇḍavas, standing by the Gaṅgā lake together with Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), were challenging my impatient son, then I lost all hope for victory.

151. כאשר שמעתי שהפָּאנְדַוַה עמדו על שפת אגם הגַנְגָה יחד עם וָאסוּדֵוַה, ותקפו את בני הבלתי מתפשר, אז, הו סַנְג׳ַיַה, איבדתי כל תקווה לניצחון.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas, descendants of Pāṇḍu)

• तिष्ठमानान् (tiṣṭhamānān) - standing (standing, remaining, existing)

• गङ्गाह्रदे (gaṅgāhrade) - by the Gaṅgā lake (in the Gaṅgā lake/pool)

• वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - together with Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) (by Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa))

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with (together with, along with)

• अमर्षणम् (amarṣaṇam) - my impatient son (intolerant, impatient, indignant, furious)

• धर्षयतः (dharṣayataḥ) - challenging (challenging, overpowering, assailing)

• सुतम् (sutam) - son

• मे (me) - my (my, of me)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (I hope, I wish, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory (for victory, for triumph)

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya (Sanjaya)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas, descendants of Pāṇḍu)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava prince

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

तिष्ठमानान् (tiṣṭhamānān) - standing (standing, remaining, existing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tiṣṭhamāna

tiṣṭhamāna - standing, remaining, being present

present participle

from root sthā (to stand), ātmanepada

Root: sthā (class 1)

गङ्गाह्रदे (gaṅgāhrade) - by the Gaṅgā lake (in the Gaṅgā lake/pool)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gaṅgāhrada

gaṅgāhrada - a lake or deep pool connected with the Gaṅgā river

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaṅgā+hrada)

• gaṅgā – the river Gaṅgā
  noun (feminine)
• hrada – lake, deep pool of water
  noun (masculine)

वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - together with Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) (by Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Kṛṣṇa (son of Vasudeva), related to Vasudeva

patronymic from Vasudeva

Note: Used with 'sārdham' for 'together with'.

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with (together with, along with)

(indeclinable)

अमर्षणम् (amarṣaṇam) - my impatient son (intolerant, impatient, indignant, furious)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣaṇa

amarṣaṇa - impatient, intolerant, indignant, furious, hostile

negation of marṣaṇa (patient)

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

धर्षयतः (dharṣayataḥ) - challenging (challenging, overpowering, assailing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharṣayat

dharṣayat - challenging, overpowering, assailing

present participle (causative)

from causative of root dhṛṣ (to dare, challenge)

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'Pāṇḍavān' (Pāṇḍavas).

सुतम् (sutam) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring, child

मे (me) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (I hope, I wish, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-śaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory (for victory, for triumph)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

action noun

from vi-ji (to conquer)

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya (Sanjaya)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

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