महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-136

यदाश्रौषं श्रान्तहये धनंजये मुक्त्वा हयान्पाययित्वोपवृत्तान् ।
पुनर्युक्त्वा वासुदेवं प्रयातं तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१३६॥

136. yadāśrauṣaṁ śrāntahaye dhanaṁjaye; muktvā hayānpāyayitvopavṛttān ,
punaryuktvā vāsudevaṁ prayātaṁ; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

136. yadā aśrauṣam śrāntahaye dhanaṃjaye
muktvā hayān pāyayitvā upavṛttān
punar yuktvā vāsudevam prayātam
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

136. O Sañjaya, when I heard that Dhananjaya, whose horses were weary, having unyoked and watered the refreshed horses and yoked them again, and that Vāsudeva then proceeded with the chariot, then I lost all hope for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• श्रान्तहये (śrāntahaye) - whose horses were weary (whose horses are weary, with weary horses)

• धनंजये (dhanaṁjaye) - (when) Dhananjaya (had...) / regarding Dhananjaya (in/on Dhananjaya (Arjuna))

• मुक्त्वा (muktvā) - having unyoked (having released, having unyoked)

• हयान् (hayān) - the horses (horses (acc. pl.))

• पाययित्वा (pāyayitvā) - having watered (the horses) (having made to drink, having watered)

• उपवृत्तान् (upavṛttān) - restored (after being watered/rested) (returned, come back, restored)

• पुनर् (punar) - again (again, back, anew)

• युक्त्वा (yuktvā) - having yoked (the horses) (having yoked, having joined)

• वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

• प्रयातम् (prayātam) - proceeded (on the journey) (departed, gone forth, proceeded)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hoped (for victory) (I hope, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya (O Sañjaya (proper name))

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

श्रान्तहये (śrāntahaye) - whose horses were weary (whose horses are weary, with weary horses)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of śrāntahaya

śrāntahaya - having weary horses

compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śrānta+haya)

• śrānta – weary, tired, exhausted
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  root śram + kta
  Root: śram (class 4)
• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)

धनंजये (dhanaṁjaye) - (when) Dhananjaya (had...) / regarding Dhananjaya (in/on Dhananjaya (Arjuna))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna (proper name), fire

agent noun

dhana + √ji + a

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, treasure
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, victorious
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  root ji + a (ac)
  Root: ji (class 1)

मुक्त्वा (muktvā) - having unyoked (having released, having unyoked)

(indeclinable)

gerund

gerundive suffix -tvā

Root: muc (class 6)

हयान् (hayān) - the horses (horses (acc. pl.))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hi (class 5)

पाययित्वा (pāyayitvā) - having watered (the horses) (having made to drink, having watered)

(indeclinable)

gerund (causative)

causative stem pāyayi + -tvā

Root: pā (class 1)

उपवृत्तान् (upavṛttān) - restored (after being watered/rested) (returned, come back, restored)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of upavṛtta

upavṛtta - returned, come back, restored

past participle

upa + vṛt + kta

Prefix: upa

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: modifies hayān

पुनर् (punar) - again (again, back, anew)

(indeclinable)

युक्त्वा (yuktvā) - having yoked (the horses) (having yoked, having joined)

(indeclinable)

gerund

gerundive suffix -tvā

Root: yuj (class 7)

वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, Krishna

patronymic from Vasudeva

प्रयातम् (prayātam) - proceeded (on the journey) (departed, gone forth, proceeded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - departed, gone forth, proceeded

past participle

pra + yā + kta

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: modifies Vāsudevam

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hoped (for victory) (I hope, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of āśaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: ātmanepada verb

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, conquest, triumph

action noun

vi + ji + a (ghañ)

Root: ji (class 1)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya (O Sañjaya (proper name))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (proper name), victory, complete conquest