महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-129

यदाश्रौषं शुक्रसूर्यौ च युक्तौ कौन्तेयानामनुलोमौ जयाय ।
नित्यं चास्माञ्श्वापदा व्याभषन्तस्तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१२९॥

129. yadāśrauṣaṁ śukrasūryau ca yuktau; kaunteyānāmanulomau jayāya ,
nityaṁ cāsmāñśvāpadā vyābhaṣanta;stadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

129. yadā aśrauṣam śukrasūryau ca yuktau
kaunteyānām anulomau jayāya
nityaṃ ca asmān śvāpadāḥ vyābhaṣantaḥ
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

129. When I heard that the planets Śukra and Sūrya were auspiciously conjoined, favoring the Pāṇḍavas for victory, and that wild beasts constantly howled at us, then, Sañjaya, I lost all hope for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• शुक्रसूर्यौ (śukrasūryau) - The planets Venus and the Sun (Śukra and Sūrya (Venus and the Sun))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• युक्तौ (yuktau) - conjoined (astronomically) (joined, united, yoked, endowed with)

• कौन्तेयानाम् (kaunteyānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas (of the sons of Kuntī, of the Pāṇḍavas)

• अनुलोमौ (anulomau) - favorable, auspicious (favorable, agreeable, in natural order)

• जयाय (jayāya) - for victory

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (always, constantly, eternally)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अस्मान् (asmān) - us (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's army/people) (us (accusative plural))

• श्वापदाः (śvāpadāḥ) - wild animals, predators (wild animals, beasts of prey)

• व्याभषन्तः (vyābhaṣantaḥ) - howling, roaring (howling, roaring, barking fiercely)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hoped for (victory) (I hope for, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya!

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Aorist form from √śru

शुक्रसूर्यौ (śukrasūryau) - The planets Venus and the Sun (Śukra and Sūrya (Venus and the Sun))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śukrasūrya

śukrasūrya - Śukra (Venus) and Sūrya (Sun)

Compound type : dvandva (śukra+sūrya)

• śukra – Śukra (name of a planet/deity, Venus), bright, clear
  noun (masculine)
• sūrya – Sun, sun-god
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

युक्तौ (yuktau) - conjoined (astronomically) (joined, united, yoked, endowed with)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yukta

yukta - joined, united, yoked, fit, endowed with

past passive participle

from √yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with śukrasūryau

कौन्तेयानाम् (kaunteyānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas (of the sons of Kuntī, of the Pāṇḍavas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

derived from Kuntī

अनुलोमौ (anulomau) - favorable, auspicious (favorable, agreeable, in natural order)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of anuloma

anuloma - following the hair, with the grain, favorable, agreeable

Note: Agrees with śukrasūryau

जयाय (jayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

Root: ji (class 1)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (always, constantly, eternally)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अस्मान् (asmān) - us (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's army/people) (us (accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

श्वापदाः (śvāpadāḥ) - wild animals, predators (wild animals, beasts of prey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śvāpada

śvāpada - wild animal, beast of prey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvan+pada)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• pada – foot, step, mark
  noun (neuter)

व्याभषन्तः (vyābhaṣantaḥ) - howling, roaring (howling, roaring, barking fiercely)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyā-bhaṣ

bhaṣ - to bark, howl, roar

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: bhaṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śvāpadāḥ

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hoped for (victory) (I hope for, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-śaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Often used with 'na' to mean 'to despair' or 'lose hope'. Context implies past tense due to 'yadā...tadā'

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer), victory