महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-191

सूत उवाच ।
अत्रोपनिषदं पुण्यां कृष्णद्वैपायनोऽब्रवीत् ।
भारताध्ययनात्पुण्यादपि पादमधीयतः ।
श्रद्दधानस्य पूयन्ते सर्वपापान्यशेषतः ॥१९१॥

191. sūta uvāca ,
atropaniṣadaṁ puṇyāṁ kṛṣṇadvaipāyano'bravīt ,
bhāratādhyayanātpuṇyādapi pādamadhīyataḥ ,
śraddadhānasya pūyante sarvapāpānyaśeṣataḥ.

191. sūtaḥ uvāca atra upaniṣadam puṇyām
kṛṣṇadvaipāyanaḥ abravīt bhāratādhyayanāt
puṇyāt api pādam adhīyataḥ
śraddadhānasya pūyante sarvapāpāni aśeṣataḥ

191. Sūta said: Here, Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa) expounded this sacred mystic teaching. By studying even a quarter of the meritorious Bhārata (Mahābhārata), all the sins of one who is faithful are completely purified.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Sūta (a narrator, charioteer))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• अत्र (atra) - in this context, here (here, in this, in this regard)

• उपनिषदम् (upaniṣadam) - a profound or secret teaching (upaniṣad, secret doctrine, mystic knowledge)

• पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - sacred, virtuous (sacred, meritorious, holy)

• कृष्णद्वैपायनः (kṛṣṇadvaipāyanaḥ) - Vyāsa, the revered sage and compiler of the Mahābhārata (Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - expounded, taught (said, spoke, declared)

• भारताध्ययनात् (bhāratādhyayanāt) - as a result of studying the Mahābhārata (from the study of the Bhārata (Mahābhārata))

• पुण्यात् (puṇyāt) - from the meritorious (study) (from sacred, from meritorious)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• पादम् (pādam) - a quarter (of the work) (a foot, a quarter, a part, a verse-quarter)

• अधीयतः (adhīyataḥ) - of a person who studies (of one studying, of one reading)

• श्रद्दधानस्य (śraddadhānasya) - of a faithful person (of one who is faithful, of one who has faith)

• पूयन्ते (pūyante) - are washed away, are cleansed (they are purified, they become clean)

• सर्वपापानि (sarvapāpāni) - all transgressions and moral impurities (all sins, all evils)

• अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - entirely, without any trace left (completely, without remainder, entirely)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta, the narrator of the Mahābhārata (Sūta (a narrator, charioteer))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, narrator, mixed caste

Note: Speaker.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From 'vac' (to speak).

अत्र (atra) - in this context, here (here, in this, in this regard)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

उपनिषदम् (upaniṣadam) - a profound or secret teaching (upaniṣad, secret doctrine, mystic knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upaniṣad

upaniṣad - upaniṣad, secret doctrine, mystic knowledge, confidential instruction

Prefixes: upa+ni

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - sacred, virtuous (sacred, meritorious, holy)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, holy, meritorious, virtuous, good deed

Note: Agrees with 'upaniṣadam'.

कृष्णद्वैपायनः (kṛṣṇadvaipāyanaḥ) - Vyāsa, the revered sage and compiler of the Mahābhārata (Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇadvaipāyana

kṛṣṇadvaipāyana - Vyāsa (lit. 'Dark Island-born')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛṣṇa+dvaipāyana)

• kṛṣṇa – dark, black, Krishna (name)
  adjective (masculine)
• dvaipāyana – island-born, Vyāsa (name)
  noun (masculine)
  derived from dvīpa (island)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - expounded, taught (said, spoke, declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From 'vac' (to speak).

भारताध्ययनात् (bhāratādhyayanāt) - as a result of studying the Mahābhārata (from the study of the Bhārata (Mahābhārata))

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhāratādhyayana

bhāratādhyayana - study of the Mahābhārata

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhārata+adhyayana)

• bhārata – relating to Bharata, the Mahābhārata (epic)
  noun (neuter)
• adhyayana – study, reading, learning
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  action noun from root i with prefix adhi
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates source or cause.

पुण्यात् (puṇyāt) - from the meritorious (study) (from sacred, from meritorious)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - sacred, holy, meritorious, virtuous, good deed

Note: Agrees with 'adhyayanāt'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

पादम् (pādam) - a quarter (of the work) (a foot, a quarter, a part, a verse-quarter)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, ray, quarter, verse quarter

Note: Object of implied 'studying'.

अधीयतः (adhīyataḥ) - of a person who studies (of one studying, of one reading)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of adhīyat

adhīyat - studying, reading, learning

present participle

present active participle from root i with prefix adhi

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies an implicit person.

श्रद्दधानस्य (śraddadhānasya) - of a faithful person (of one who is faithful, of one who has faith)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śraddadhāna

śraddadhāna - having faith, believing, faithful

present participle (middle)

present middle participle from root dhā with prefix śrat

Prefix: śrat

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies an implicit person.

पूयन्ते (pūyante) - are washed away, are cleansed (they are purified, they become clean)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pū

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: From root 'pū' (to purify).

सर्वपापानि (sarvapāpāni) - all transgressions and moral impurities (all sins, all evils)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sarvapāpa

sarvapāpa - all sins, all evils

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+pāpa)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (neuter)
• pāpa – sin, evil, bad
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'pūyante'.

अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - entirely, without any trace left (completely, without remainder, entirely)

(indeclinable)

derived with suffix -tas

Note: Adverbial.