महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-102

यदाश्रौषं धनुरायम्य चित्रं विद्धं लक्ष्यं पातितं वै पृथिव्याम् ।
कृष्णां हृतां पश्यतां सर्वराज्ञां तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१०२॥

102. yadāśrauṣaṁ dhanurāyamya citraṁ; viddhaṁ lakṣyaṁ pātitaṁ vai pṛthivyām ,
kṛṣṇāṁ hṛtāṁ paśyatāṁ sarvarājñāṁ; tadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

102. yadā aśrauṣam dhanuḥ āyamya citram
viddham lakṣyam pātitam vai pṛthivyām
kṛṣṇām hṛtām paśyatām sarvarājñām
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

102. O Sanjaya, when I heard that the extraordinary target was pierced by drawing the bow and it was made to fall to the ground, and that Krishna (Draupadi) was abducted while all the kings watched, then I lost hope for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at what time)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• आयम्य (āyamya) - having drawn (the bow) (having stretched, having drawn)

• चित्रम् (citram) - extraordinary (wonderful, strange, extraordinary)

• विद्धम् (viddham) - pierced (pierced, struck, wounded)

• लक्ष्यम् (lakṣyam) - target (target, mark, object of sight)

• पातितम् (pātitam) - made to fall, struck down (caused to fall, thrown down, struck down)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - to the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

• कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Krishna (Draupadi)

• हृताम् (hṛtām) - abducted (carried away, abducted, stolen)

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while watching (by them) (of those seeing, while seeing)

• सर्वराज्ञाम् (sarvarājñām) - of all the kings (of all kings)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I lost hope (I hope, I wish)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at what time)

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

आयम्य (āyamya) - having drawn (the bow) (having stretched, having drawn)

(indeclinable)

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

चित्रम् (citram) - extraordinary (wonderful, strange, extraordinary)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of citra

citra - bright, clear, variegated, wonderful, strange, excellent

Note: Agrees with lakṣyam.

विद्धम् (viddham) - pierced (pierced, struck, wounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, hit, wounded

past passive participle

Derived from root vyadh- (to pierce, strike)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with lakṣyam.

लक्ष्यम् (lakṣyam) - target (target, mark, object of sight)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lakṣya

lakṣya - mark, target, aim, object

Derived from root lakṣ- (to perceive, mark)

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

पातितम् (pātitam) - made to fall, struck down (caused to fall, thrown down, struck down)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pātita

pātita - caused to fall, thrown down, struck down, defeated

causative past passive participle

Causative of root pat- (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with lakṣyam.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - to the ground (on the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Krishna (Draupadi)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadi (literally, the dark one)

हृताम् (hṛtām) - abducted (carried away, abducted, stolen)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hṛta

hṛta - carried, taken, stolen, abducted

past passive participle

Derived from root hṛ- (to seize, carry off)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Kṛṣṇām.

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while watching (by them) (of those seeing, while seeing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, beholding

present participle

Derived from root dṛś- (to see), with paśya- stem

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the kings watching, simultaneous action.

सर्वराज्ञाम् (sarvarājñām) - of all the kings (of all kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvarājan

sarvarājan - all kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+rājan)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I lost hope (I hope, I wish)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-śaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: With 'na', it means 'I do not hope'.

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

action noun

Derived from root ji- (to conquer) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)