महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-118

यदाश्रौषं माधवं वासुदेवं सर्वात्मना पाण्डवार्थे निविष्टम् ।
यस्येमां गां विक्रममेकमाहुस्तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥११८॥

118. yadāśrauṣaṁ mādhavaṁ vāsudevaṁ; sarvātmanā pāṇḍavārthe niviṣṭam ,
yasyemāṁ gāṁ vikramamekamāhu;stadā nāśaṁse vijayāya saṁjaya.

118. yadā aśrauṣam mādhavam vāsudevam
sarvātmanā pāṇḍavārthe niviṣṭam
yasya imām gām vikramam ekam āhuḥ
tadā na āśaṃse vijayāya saṃjaya

118. When I heard that Madhava, Vasudeva, was completely dedicated to the cause of the Pandavas, and that people declare this entire earth to be his sole act of valor, then, O Sanjaya, I lost all hope for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• माधवम् (mādhavam) - Madhava (referring to Krishna) (Madhava (an epithet of Krishna))

• वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Vasudeva (referring to Krishna) (Vasudeva (an epithet of Krishna, son of Vasudeva))

• सर्वात्मना (sarvātmanā) - completely, wholeheartedly (with all one's soul, completely, wholeheartedly)

• पाण्डवार्थे (pāṇḍavārthe) - for the cause of the Pandavas (for the sake of the Pandavas, for the purpose of the Pandavas)

• निविष्टम् (niviṣṭam) - devoted, engaged (entered, settled, fixed, devoted, engaged)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

• इमाम् (imām) - this (earth) (this (feminine accusative singular))

• गाम् (gām) - the earth (earth, cow)

• विक्रमम् (vikramam) - feat of valor (step, stride, power, valor, feat)

• एकम् (ekam) - single, sole (one, single, unique)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they declare (they say, they declare)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for victory), I expect (victory) (I hope, I expect)

• विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

माधवम् (mādhavam) - Madhava (referring to Krishna) (Madhava (an epithet of Krishna))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu; an epithet of Krishna

वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Vasudeva (referring to Krishna) (Vasudeva (an epithet of Krishna, son of Vasudeva))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva; an epithet of Krishna

सर्वात्मना (sarvātmanā) - completely, wholeheartedly (with all one's soul, completely, wholeheartedly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sarvātman

sarvātman - the universal spirit; (adv.) with all one's soul, completely

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarva+ātman)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  pronoun
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

पाण्डवार्थे (pāṇḍavārthe) - for the cause of the Pandavas (for the sake of the Pandavas, for the purpose of the Pandavas)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍavārtha

pāṇḍavārtha - purpose/sake of the Pandavas

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍava+artha)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Paṇḍu; a Pāṇḍava
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative used to express purpose/cause.

निविष्टम् (niviṣṭam) - devoted, engaged (entered, settled, fixed, devoted, engaged)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niviṣṭa

niviṣṭa - entered, settled, fixed, applied, devoted, engaged

past_passive_participle

from ni-viś

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Accusative masculine singular, modifying Mādhavam/Vāsudevam.

यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to Krishna (Madhava/Vasudeva).

इमाम् (imām) - this (earth) (this (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Modifies `gām`.

गाम् (gām) - the earth (earth, cow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, earth, ray of light

Note: Object of `āhuḥ`.

विक्रमम् (vikramam) - feat of valor (step, stride, power, valor, feat)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikrama

vikrama - stride, step, courage, power, feat of valor

action_noun

from vi-kram

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Predicate accusative with `āhuḥ`.

एकम् (ekam) - single, sole (one, single, unique)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, unique, single, sole

Note: Modifies `vikramam`.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they declare (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lit) of ah

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Irregular verb.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative to `yadā`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hope (for victory), I expect (victory) (I hope, I expect)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-śaṃs

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Followed by a dative object `vijayāya`.

विजयाय (vijayāya) - for victory

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

action_noun

from vi-ji

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of desire for `āśaṃse`.

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name)