महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-82, verse-80

ब्राह्मणेन भवेच्चीर्णं व्रतं द्वादशवार्षिकम् ।
इतरेषां तु वर्णानां सर्वपापं प्रणश्यति ॥८०॥

80. brāhmaṇena bhaveccīrṇaṁ vrataṁ dvādaśavārṣikam ,
itareṣāṁ tu varṇānāṁ sarvapāpaṁ praṇaśyati.

80. brāhmaṇena bhavet cīrṇam vratam dvādaśavārṣikam
itareṣām tu varṇānām sarvapāpam praṇaśyati

80. For a Brahmin, this act would be equivalent to having completed a twelve-year religious observance (vrata). But for other social classes (varṇa), all their sins are destroyed.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणेन (brāhmaṇena) - by a Brahmin (referring to the performer of the act) (by a Brahmin)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be equivalent to (it should be, it would be, may it be)

• चीर्णम् (cīrṇam) - performed, completed (performed, observed, practiced)

• व्रतम् (vratam) - religious observance (vrata) (vow, religious observance, sacred practice)

• द्वादशवार्षिकम् (dvādaśavārṣikam) - a twelve-year (vow) (twelve-year, lasting twelve years)

• इतरेषाम् (itareṣām) - of other (social classes) (of others, of the others)

• तु (tu) - but (but, however, on the other hand)

• वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (varṇa) (of the colors, of the social classes, of the castes)

• सर्वपापम् (sarvapāpam) - all their sins (all sin, every sin)

• प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - are destroyed (perishes, is destroyed, disappears)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणेन (brāhmaṇena) - by a Brahmin (referring to the performer of the act) (by a Brahmin)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, relating to Brahman

From 'brahman'.

Note: Agent of the implied action (having performed the act mentioned in previous verses).

भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be equivalent to (it should be, it would be, may it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative active, 3rd person singular.

Root 'bhū' (class 1).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is the result of the act of pilgrimage.

चीर्णम् (cīrṇam) - performed, completed (performed, observed, practiced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cīrṇa

cīrṇa - performed, observed, practiced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'car' (to move, to perform, to practice).

Root: car (class 1)

व्रतम् (vratam) - religious observance (vrata) (vow, religious observance, sacred practice)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, religious observance (vrata), sacred practice, duty

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet cīrṇam'.

द्वादशवार्षिकम् (dvādaśavārṣikam) - a twelve-year (vow) (twelve-year, lasting twelve years)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvādaśavārṣika

dvādaśavārṣika - twelve-year, lasting twelve years

From 'dvādaśa' (twelve) + 'varṣa' (year) + suffix 'ika'.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dvādaśa+varṣa+ika)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• ika – (suffix indicating belonging to or related to)
  suffix
  Secondary derivative suffix.

इतरेषाम् (itareṣām) - of other (social classes) (of others, of the others)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of itara

itara - other, different

Note: Qualifies 'varṇānām'.

तु (tu) - but (but, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (varṇa) (of the colors, of the social classes, of the castes)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, social class (varṇa), caste, quality, letter (of alphabet)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Indicates for whom the effect applies.

सर्वपापम् (sarvapāpam) - all their sins (all sin, every sin)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarvapāpa

sarvapāpa - all sin, every sin

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'pāpa' (sin).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sarva+pāpa)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun/adjective (neuter)
• pāpa – sin, evil, bad
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'praṇaśyati'.

प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - are destroyed (perishes, is destroyed, disappears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Present active indicative, 3rd person singular.

Root 'naś' (class 4) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: The subject is 'sarvapāpam'.