महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-82, verse-31

गङ्गासंगमयोश्चैव स्नाति यः संगमे नरः ।
दशाश्वमेधानाप्नोति कुलं चैव समुद्धरेत् ॥३१॥

31. gaṅgāsaṁgamayoścaiva snāti yaḥ saṁgame naraḥ ,
daśāśvamedhānāpnoti kulaṁ caiva samuddharet.

31. gaṅgāsaṅgamayoḥ ca eva snāti yaḥ saṅgame naraḥ
daśāśvamedhān āpnoti kulam ca eva samuddharet

31. And indeed, whoever bathes at a confluence (saṅgama) of the Gaṅgā attains the merit of ten horse sacrifices (aśvamedha-yajña) and uplifts his family.

Words meanings summery:

• गङ्गासङ्गमयोः (gaṅgāsaṅgamayoḥ) - at a confluence (saṅgama) involving the Gaṅgā river (e.g., Prayāga) (of the confluence(s) of the Gaṅgā; at the confluence(s) of the Gaṅgā)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

• स्नाति (snāti) - bathes

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever)

• सङ्गमे (saṅgame) - at the confluence (saṅgama) of rivers (in the confluence, at the meeting place)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a person (a man, a person)

• दशाश्वमेधान् (daśāśvamedhān) - the merit of ten horse sacrifices (aśvamedha-yajña) (ten horse sacrifices)

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches

• कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage (family, lineage, race)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

• समुद्धरेत् (samuddharet) - uplifts (his family) (he should uplift, deliver, rescue)

Words meanings and morphology

गङ्गासङ्गमयोः (gaṅgāsaṅgamayoḥ) - at a confluence (saṅgama) involving the Gaṅgā river (e.g., Prayāga) (of the confluence(s) of the Gaṅgā; at the confluence(s) of the Gaṅgā)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of gaṅgāsaṅgama

gaṅgāsaṅgama - confluence of the Gaṅgā (with another river) (saṅgama)

Compound of 'Gaṅgā' and 'saṅgama'

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (gaṅgā+saṅgama)

• gaṅgā – the river Gaṅgā (Ganges)
  proper noun (feminine)
• saṅgama – confluence, meeting, junction (saṅgama)
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam' + 'gam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Can be genitive or locative dual. Locative dual 'at the two confluences' is implied. The singular 'saṅgame' later in the verse refers to *a* confluence, specifically one of the renowned Gaṅgā confluences like Prayāga.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

स्नाति (snāti) - bathes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of snā

Present tense, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular present indicative of root 'snā' (2nd class)

Root: snā (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what, whoever

Note: Relative pronoun

सङ्गमे (saṅgame) - at the confluence (saṅgama) of rivers (in the confluence, at the meeting place)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅgama

saṅgama - confluence, meeting, junction (saṅgama)

From 'sam' + 'gam'

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

नरः (naraḥ) - a person (a man, a person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

दशाश्वमेधान् (daśāśvamedhān) - the merit of ten horse sacrifices (aśvamedha-yajña) (ten horse sacrifices)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of daśāśvamedha

daśāśvamedha - ten horse sacrifices (yajña)

Dvigu compound of 'daśa' (ten) and 'aśvamedha' (horse sacrifice)

Compound type : dvigu (daśa+aśvamedha)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• aśvamedha – horse sacrifice, a significant Vedic ritual (yajña)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'aśva' (horse) + 'medha' (sacrifice)

Note: Refers to the religious merit obtained from performing such sacrifices.

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āp

Present tense, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular present indicative of root 'āp' (5th class)

Root: āp (class 5)

कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage (family, lineage, race)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, race, lineage, tribe, community, noble family

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

समुद्धरेत् (samuddharet) - uplifts (his family) (he should uplift, deliver, rescue)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of samuddhṛ

Optative mood, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular optative of root 'dhṛ' with upasargas 'sam' and 'ud' (1st class)

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)