महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-82, verse-73

महानद्यामुपस्पृश्य तर्पयेत्पितृदेवताः ।
अक्षयान्प्राप्नुयाल्लोकान्कुलं चैव समुद्धरेत् ॥७३॥

73. mahānadyāmupaspṛśya tarpayetpitṛdevatāḥ ,
akṣayānprāpnuyāllokānkulaṁ caiva samuddharet.

73. mahānadyām upaspṛśya tarpayet pitṛ-devatāḥ
akṣayān prāpnuyāt lokān kulam ca eva samuddharet

73. Having bathed in the great river, one should offer libations to the ancestors (pitṛ) and deities. One would then obtain imperishable (akṣaya) realms and indeed redeem one's family.

Words meanings summery:

• महानद्याम् (mahānadyām) - Likely referring to the Ganga or another major sacred river. (in the great river.)

• उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having touched, having bathed, having performed ablutions.

• तर्पयेत् (tarpayet) - one should offer libations, one should satisfy.

• पितृ-देवताः (pitṛ-devatāḥ) - ancestors (pitṛ) and deities.

• अक्षयान् (akṣayān) - imperishable, eternal, undecaying (akṣaya).

• प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - one should obtain, one should reach, one should attain.

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms.

• कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage, race, clan.

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover.

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly.

• समुद्धरेत् (samuddharet) - one should uplift, one should redeem, one should rescue.

Words meanings and morphology

महानद्याम् (mahānadyām) - Likely referring to the Ganga or another major sacred river. (in the great river.)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mahānadī

mahānadī - great river.

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `nadī` (river).

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+nadī)

• mahā – great, mighty, large.
  adjective
  Feminine stem form of `mahat`.
• nadī – river.
  noun (feminine)

उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having touched, having bathed, having performed ablutions.

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from the root `spṛś` (to touch) with prefix `upa-` and suffix `-ya`.

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

तर्पयेत् (tarpayet) - one should offer libations, one should satisfy.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of tarp

Optative Active

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice.

Root: tṛp (class 4)

पितृ-देवताः (pitṛ-devatāḥ) - ancestors (pitṛ) and deities.

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of pitṛ-devatā

pitṛ-devatā - ancestors and gods; deities for whom offerings are made.

Compound of `pitṛ` (ancestor) and `devatā` (deity).

Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+devatā)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor, forefathers (pitṛ).
  noun (masculine)
• devatā – deity, god, divinity.
  noun (feminine)

अक्षयान् (akṣayān) - imperishable, eternal, undecaying (akṣaya).

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, undecaying, eternal, unfailing, lasting (akṣaya).

From `a` (not) + `kṣaya` (decay).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)

• a – not, un-, in- (negative prefix).
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kṣaya – decay, destruction, loss, decline.
  noun (masculine)
  From root `kṣi` (to perish, decay).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `lokān`.

प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - one should obtain, one should reach, one should attain.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of prāp

Optative Active

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice.

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: The subject is implied, 'one'.

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms.

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, universe.

कुलम् (kulam) - family, lineage, race, clan.

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, clan, house, noble family.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover.

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, exactly.

(indeclinable)

समुद्धरेत् (samuddharet) - one should uplift, one should redeem, one should rescue.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of samuddhṛ

Optative Active

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied, 'one'.