महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-82, verse-118

कन्यायां ये प्रयच्छन्ति पानमन्नं च भारत ।
तदक्षयमिति प्राहुरृषयः संशितव्रताः ॥११८॥

118. kanyāyāṁ ye prayacchanti pānamannaṁ ca bhārata ,
tadakṣayamiti prāhurṛṣayaḥ saṁśitavratāḥ.

118. kanyāyām ye prayacchanti pānam annam ca bhārata
tat akṣayam iti prāhuḥ ṛṣayaḥ saṃśitavratāḥ

118. O Bhārata, those who offer food and drink to a maiden, the sages who are steadfast in their vows (saṃśitavratāḥ) declare that act to be imperishable.

Words meanings summery:

• कन्यायाम् (kanyāyām) - to a maiden, to a girl

• ये (ye) - those who, which

• प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they offer

• पानम् (pānam) - drink, a beverage

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

• तत् (tat) - that, that deed

• अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, inexhaustible, eternal

• इति (iti) - (introduces a quote or statement) (thus, in this manner, so)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - of firm vows, steadfast in their observances

Words meanings and morphology

कन्यायाम् (kanyāyām) - to a maiden, to a girl

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - a maiden, a girl, a virgin

Note: Also locative singular, but dative fits the context 'to a maiden' for giving.

ये (ye) - those who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they offer

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of pra-yam

root yam with prefix pra, present indicative, 3rd plural

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

पानम् (pānam) - drink, a beverage

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāna

pāna - drinking, a drink, a beverage

from root pā (to drink)

Root: pā (class 1)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, cooked rice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, cooked rice

Past Passive Participle (originally) or derived noun

from root ad (to eat)

Root: ad (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, belonging to Bharata, a resident of Bhārata-varṣa

तत् (tat) - that, that deed

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Acts as the subject for 'akṣayam' referring to the action of giving.

अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, inexhaustible, eternal

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, inexhaustible, eternal

Negative prefix a- + kṣaya (perishable, from root kṣi)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+kṣaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kṣaya – perishing, decay, destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṣi (to perish)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tat' (that deed).

इति (iti) - (introduces a quote or statement) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pra-ah

root ah with prefix pra, perfect tense, 3rd plural (historical perfect used as simple past/present)

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Often used for present tense in classical Sanskrit.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - a seer, an inspired poet, a sage

Note: Subject of prāhuḥ.

संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - of firm vows, steadfast in their observances

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - one whose vows are firm/sharpened, steadfast in observances

compound of saṃśita (sharpened, firm) and vrata (vow, observance)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, firm, resolute, observed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root śi (to sharpen) with prefix saṃ
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śi (class 2)
• vrata – a vow, a religious observance, a sacred duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣayaḥ'.