महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-82

चातुर्वर्ण्यं तथैवात्र चातुर्वेद्यं च वर्णितम् ।
इतिहासोपवेदाश्च न्यायः कृत्स्नश्च वर्णितः ॥८२॥

82. cāturvarṇyaṁ tathaivātra cāturvedyaṁ ca varṇitam ,
itihāsopavedāśca nyāyaḥ kṛtsnaśca varṇitaḥ.

82. cāturvarṇyam tathā eva atra cāturvedyam ca varṇitam
itihāsopavedāḥ ca nyāyaḥ kṛtsnaḥ ca varṇitaḥ

82. atra cāturvarṇyam tathā eva cāturvedyam ca varṇitam
itihāsopavedāḥ ca kṛtsnaḥ nyāyaḥ ca varṇitaḥ

82. The system of four social classes (cāturvarṇya), and similarly, the knowledge of the four Vedas (cāturvedya) are described here. Histories (itihāsa), secondary Vedas (upaveda), and the entire system of logic (nyāya) are also recounted.

Words meanings summery:

• चातुर्वर्ण्यम् (cāturvarṇyam) - the traditional system of four social classes (cāturvarṇya) (the system of four social classes)

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (similarly, thus, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the preceding word (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• अत्र (atra) - in this scripture or context (here, in this (place/text))

• चातुर्वेद्यम् (cāturvedyam) - the knowledge concerning the four Vedas (cāturvedya) (knowledge of the four Vedas)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वर्णितम् (varṇitam) - described in this text (described, recounted)

• इतिहासोपवेदाः (itihāsopavedāḥ) - epic histories (itihāsa) and subsidiary Vedas (upaveda) (histories and secondary Vedas)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• न्यायः (nyāyaḥ) - the system of logic and reasoning (nyāya) (logic, justice, system of philosophy)

• कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - the entire system of (whole, entire, complete)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वर्णितः (varṇitaḥ) - recounted in this text (described, recounted)

Words meanings and morphology

चातुर्वर्ण्यम् (cāturvarṇyam) - the traditional system of four social classes (cāturvarṇya) (the system of four social classes)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cāturvarṇya

cāturvarṇya - the system of four social classes, the fourfold division of society

Derived from catur (four) and varṇa (class/color), referring to the four traditional social divisions.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (catur+varṇa)

• catur – four
  numeral adjective
• varṇa – color, class, social order, sound
  noun (masculine)
  From root vṛ (to cover, to choose), signifies a division or category.
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (similarly, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the preceding word (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - in this scripture or context (here, in this (place/text))

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb, from idam (this).

चातुर्वेद्यम् (cāturvedyam) - the knowledge concerning the four Vedas (cāturvedya) (knowledge of the four Vedas)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cāturvedya

cāturvedya - knowledge of the four Vedas, the system of the four Vedas

Derived from catur (four) and veda (knowledge).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (catur+veda)

• catur – four
  numeral adjective
• veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda (scripture)
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वर्णितम् (varṇitam) - described in this text (described, recounted)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṇita

varṇita - described, recounted, praised, enumerated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vṛṇ (to choose, to describe).

Root: vṛṇ (class 9)

इतिहासोपवेदाः (itihāsopavedāḥ) - epic histories (itihāsa) and subsidiary Vedas (upaveda) (histories and secondary Vedas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of itihāsopaveda

itihāsopaveda - histories and upavedas (subsidiary Vedas)

Dvandva compound of itihāsa (history) and upaveda (secondary Veda).

Compound type : dvandva (itihāsa+upaveda)

• itihāsa – history, legend, epic (itihāsa)
  noun (masculine)
  Literally 'thus it was'. Refers to ancient narratives and epic poems.
• upaveda – secondary Veda, subsidiary knowledge branch (upaveda)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of upa- (sub-, secondary) and veda (knowledge).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

न्यायः (nyāyaḥ) - the system of logic and reasoning (nyāya) (logic, justice, system of philosophy)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyāya

nyāya - rule, method, logic, justice, system of philosophy, proper course

From ni + root i (to go), literally 'that which goes into'.

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - the entire system of (whole, entire, complete)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - all, whole, entire, complete

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वर्णितः (varṇitaḥ) - recounted in this text (described, recounted)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varṇita

varṇita - described, recounted, praised, enumerated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vṛṇ (to choose, to describe).

Root: vṛṇ (class 9)