महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः काल्यं समुत्थाय कृतपौर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः ।
ययुस्ते नगराकारै रथैः पाण्डवयादवाः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataḥ kālyaṁ samutthāya kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyāḥ ,
yayuste nagarākārai rathaiḥ pāṇḍavayādavāḥ.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ kālyam samutthāya kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyāḥ
yayuḥ te nagarākāraiḥ rathaiḥ pāṇḍavayādavāḥ

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ te pāṇḍavayādavāḥ kālyam
samutthāya kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyāḥ nagarākāraiḥ rathaiḥ yayuḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, having risen early in the morning and performed their morning rituals, the Pandavas (Pāṇḍava) and Yadavas (Yādava) departed in their chariots (ratha), which resembled cities.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaishampayana

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• काल्यम् (kālyam) - early in the morning

• समुत्थाय (samutthāya) - having risen, having stood up

• कृतपौर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः (kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyāḥ) - those who had performed morning rites

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went

• ते (te) - they

• नगराकारैः (nagarākāraiḥ) - city-like, resembling cities

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

• पाण्डवयादवाः (pāṇḍavayādavāḥ) - Pandavas and Yadavas

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaishampayana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

काल्यम् (kālyam) - early in the morning

(indeclinable)

Gerundive

from kāla (time)

Note: Adverbial accusative.

समुत्थाय (samutthāya) - having risen, having stood up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root sthā + sam- (prefix) + ud- (prefix) + -ya suffix for absolutive

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

कृतपौर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः (kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyāḥ) - those who had performed morning rites

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyā

kṛtapaurvāhṇikakriyā - one who has performed morning rituals

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+paurvāhṇikakriyā)

• kṛta – done, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• paurvāhṇikakriyā – morning ritual
  noun (feminine)
  derived from pūrvāhṇa (forenoon)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍavayādavāḥ'.

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नगराकारैः (nagarākāraiḥ) - city-like, resembling cities

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nagarākāra

nagarākāra - city-like, resembling a city

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (nagara+ākāra)

• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'rathaiḥ'.

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

पाण्डवयादवाः (pāṇḍavayādavāḥ) - Pandavas and Yadavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍavayādava

pāṇḍavayādava - the Pandavas and the Yadavas collectively

Compound type : dvandva (pāṇḍava+yādava)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pandu
  proper noun (masculine)
  patronymic from Paṇḍu
• yādava – descendant of Yadu
  proper noun (masculine)
  patronymic from Yadu

Note: Collective term for the two groups.