महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-19

तांस्तु कामवशं प्राप्तान्रागो नाम समस्पृशत् ।
रक्ताश्च नाभ्यजानन्त कार्याकार्यं युधिष्ठिर ॥१९॥

19. tāṁstu kāmavaśaṁ prāptānrāgo nāma samaspṛśat ,
raktāśca nābhyajānanta kāryākāryaṁ yudhiṣṭhira.

19. tān tu kāma-vaśaṃ prāptān rāgaḥ nāma samaspṛśat
raktāḥ ca na abhyajānanta kārya-akāryaṃ yudhiṣṭhira

19. yudhiṣṭhira tu tān kāma-vaśaṃ prāptān nāma rāgaḥ
samaspṛśat ca raktāḥ kārya-akāryaṃ na abhyajānanta

19. O Yudhiṣṭhira, those who had fallen under the sway of desire (kāma) were then afflicted by passion (rāga). And being infatuated, they no longer discerned what was proper and improper action.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• काम-वशं (kāma-vaśaṁ) - under the sway of desire (kāma), controlled by desire

• प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - those who had reached, attained, fallen into

• रागः (rāgaḥ) - passion, attachment, desire

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named, indeed

• समस्पृशत् (samaspṛśat) - touched, afflicted, enveloped

• रक्ताः (raktāḥ) - attached, impassioned, infatuated

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• अभ्यजानन्त (abhyajānanta) - they did not know, they did not discern

• कार्य-अकार्यं (kārya-akāryaṁ) - what should be done and what should not be done, proper and improper action

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira!

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

काम-वशं (kāma-vaśaṁ) - under the sway of desire (kāma), controlled by desire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāma-vaśa

kāma-vaśa - under the control of desire (kāma)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kāma+vaśa)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kam' (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)
• vaśa – power, control, sway
  noun (masculine)

प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - those who had reached, attained, fallen into

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, achieved, fallen into

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

रागः (rāgaḥ) - passion, attachment, desire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāga

rāga - color, dye, passion, affection, attachment, desire

From root 'rañj' (to color, to be attached).

Root: rañj (class 1)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named, indeed

(indeclinable)

समस्पृशत् (samaspṛśat) - touched, afflicted, enveloped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of spṛś

Prefix: sam

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Root 'spṛś' with prefix 'sam'.

रक्ताः (raktāḥ) - attached, impassioned, infatuated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakta

rakta - colored, red, attached, beloved, infatuated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'rañj' (to color, to be attached).

Root: rañj (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभ्यजानन्त (abhyajānanta) - they did not know, they did not discern

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of jñā

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Root 'jñā' with prefixes 'abhi' and 'ā'.

कार्य-अकार्यं (kārya-akāryaṁ) - what should be done and what should not be done, proper and improper action

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārya-akārya

kārya-akārya - what is to be done and what is not to be done, duty and non-duty, proper and improper action

Compound type : dvandva (kārya+akārya)

• kārya – to be done, proper action, duty
  gerundive (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'kṛ' (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• akārya – not to be done, improper action, wrong
  gerundive (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From 'a-' (negation) + 'kārya'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Collective singular for dvandva compound.

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pandava brother, lit. 'firm in battle')