महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-109

तमूचुरथ देवास्ते ते चैव परमर्षयः ।
नियतो यत्र धर्मो वै तमशङ्कः समाचर ॥१०९॥

109. tamūcuratha devāste te caiva paramarṣayaḥ ,
niyato yatra dharmo vai tamaśaṅkaḥ samācara.

109. tam ūcuḥ atha devāḥ te ca eva paramarṣayaḥ |
niyataḥ yatra dharmaḥ vai tam aśaṅkaḥ samācara

109. atha te devāḥ ca eva paramarṣayaḥ tam ūcuḥ yatra dharmaḥ niyataḥ vai,
tam aśaṅkaḥ samācara

109. Then those gods and the supreme sages (paramarṣi) indeed said to him: 'Where natural law (dharma) is established, practice that (dharma) fearlessly.'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to Vainya (him, that)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• ते (te) - those (gods and sages) (they, those)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - supreme sages, great sages

• नियतः (niyataḥ) - fixed, established, restrained, regular, prescribed

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which, in which case

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• तम् (tam) - that (dharma) (that)

• अशङ्कः (aśaṅkaḥ) - fearless, without doubt, confident

• समाचर (samācara) - practice, perform, follow

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to Vainya (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Direct object of 'ūcuḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Derived from √vac (to speak). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.

ते (te) - those (gods and sages) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Agrees with 'devāḥ' and 'paramarṣayaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

परमर्षयः (paramarṣayaḥ) - supreme sages, great sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paramarṣi

paramarṣi - supreme sage, great sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+ṛṣi)

• parama – highest, supreme, ultimate, excellent
  adjective
• ṛṣi – seer, sage, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.

नियतः (niyataḥ) - fixed, established, restrained, regular, prescribed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata

niyata - fixed, established, firm, restrained, regular, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √yam (to hold, to control) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which, in which case

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, essential quality

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of an implied 'is' with 'niyataḥ'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (dharma) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Direct object of 'samācara'.

अशङ्कः (aśaṅkaḥ) - fearless, without doubt, confident

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśaṅka

aśaṅka - fearless, undoubting, confident, without hesitation

Negating prefix 'a-' + śaṅkā (doubt, fear).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+śaṅkā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• śaṅkā – doubt, fear, apprehension
  noun (feminine)
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject of 'samācara' (you).

समाचर (samācara) - practice, perform, follow

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of samācar

Imperative, 2nd person singular

Derived from √car (to move, to go) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: car (class 1)