महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-137

स्थापनामथ देवानां न कश्चिदतिवर्तते ।
तिष्ठत्येकस्य च वशे तं चेदनुविधीयते ॥१३७॥

137. sthāpanāmatha devānāṁ na kaścidativartate ,
tiṣṭhatyekasya ca vaśe taṁ cedanuvidhīyate.

137. sthāpanām atha devānām na kaścit ativartate |
tiṣṭhati ekasya ca vaśe tam cet anuvidhīyate

137. atha devānām sthāpanām kaścit na ativartate
ca ekasya vaśe tiṣṭhati cet tam anuvidhīyate

137. Then, no one transgresses the order established by the gods. And an individual remains under the control of a ruler, provided that ruler is obeyed.

Words meanings summery:

• स्थापनाम् (sthāpanām) - the order (established) (establishment, foundation, placing)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, moreover, now)

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - no one (in combination with 'na') (anyone, someone)

• अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - transgresses (transgresses, overcomes, disobeys)

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains (stands, remains, dwells)

• एकस्य (ekasya) - of a ruler (of one, of a single person)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वशे (vaśe) - under the control (in the power, under control, by will)

• तम् (tam) - that ruler (him, that)

• चेत् (cet) - provided that (if)

• अनुविधीयते (anuvidhīyate) - is obeyed (is followed, is obeyed, is regulated)

Words meanings and morphology

स्थापनाम् (sthāpanām) - the order (established) (establishment, foundation, placing)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sthāpanā

sthāpanā - establishment, setting up, foundation, fixing

From root sthā (to stand, place) with suffix -anā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ativartate'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, moreover, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Serves as a conjunction linking ideas.

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Possessive, modifying 'sthāpanām'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'ativartate'.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - no one (in combination with 'na') (anyone, someone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - anyone, someone, some

From kim (who) + cit (an emphatic particle)

Note: Subject of 'ativartate'.

अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - transgresses (transgresses, overcomes, disobeys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle Voice

Present tense, middle voice, third person singular, root vṛt (1st class) with prefix ati-

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - remains (stands, remains, dwells)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Present Active Voice

Present tense, active voice, third person singular, root sthā (1st class)

Root: sthā (class 1)

एकस्य (ekasya) - of a ruler (of one, of a single person)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a certain, a single

Note: Modifies 'vaśe'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two main clauses of the verse.

वशे (vaśe) - under the control (in the power, under control, by will)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, subjection

From root vaś (to wish, desire)

Root: vaś (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that ruler (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Accusative masculine singular of tad

Note: Grammatically, 'tam' functions as the subject of the passive verb 'anuvidhīyate'.

चेत् (cet) - provided that (if)

(indeclinable)

अनुविधीयते (anuvidhīyate) - is obeyed (is followed, is obeyed, is regulated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of anuvidhā

Present Passive Voice

Present tense, passive voice, third person singular, root dhā (3rd class) with prefix anu-vi-

Prefixes: anu+vi

Root: dhā (class 3)