महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-58

विसर्गोऽर्थस्य धर्मार्थमर्थार्थं कामहेतुना ।
चतुर्थो व्यसनाघाते तथैवात्रानुवर्णितः ॥५८॥

58. visargo'rthasya dharmārthamarthārthaṁ kāmahetunā ,
caturtho vyasanāghāte tathaivātrānuvarṇitaḥ.

58. visargaḥ arthasya dharmārtham arthārtham kāmahetunā
caturthaḥ vyasanāghāte tathā eva atra anuvarṇitaḥ

58. arthasya visargaḥ dharmārtham arthārtham kāmahetunā
vyasanāghāte caturthaḥ tathā eva atra anuvarṇitaḥ

58. The expenditure of wealth (artha) for the sake of natural law (dharma), or for the sake of wealth itself, or motivated by desire (kāma); a fourth type, which involves causing harm (vyasana), is similarly described here.

Words meanings summery:

• विसर्गः (visargaḥ) - expenditure, giving away (of wealth) (abandonment, release, discharge, giving up, expenditure)

• अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of wealth (of wealth, of purpose, of meaning)

• धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of natural law (dharma) (for the sake of dharma, for righteousness)

• अर्थार्थम् (arthārtham) - for the sake of wealth (for the sake of wealth, for the sake of purpose)

• कामहेतुना (kāmahetunā) - due to desire (kāma) (by reason of desire, due to desire)

• चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - the fourth (type of expenditure) (fourth)

• व्यसनाघाते (vyasanāghāte) - in the context of causing harm or misfortune (vyasana) (in the striking of misfortune, in the infliction of calamity)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, similarly)

• एव (eva) - just so, indeed (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• अत्र (atra) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this place, in this matter)

• अनुवर्णितः (anuvarṇitaḥ) - described (here) (described, enumerated, narrated)

Words meanings and morphology

विसर्गः (visargaḥ) - expenditure, giving away (of wealth) (abandonment, release, discharge, giving up, expenditure)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visarga

visarga - abandonment, discharge, emission, giving up, expenditure

From vi- √sṛj

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of wealth (of wealth, of purpose, of meaning)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of artha

artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, property, thing

धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of natural law (dharma) (for the sake of dharma, for righteousness)

(indeclinable)

compound of dharma and artha (in adverbial sense)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+artha)

• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – aim, purpose, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative of purpose.

अर्थार्थम् (arthārtham) - for the sake of wealth (for the sake of wealth, for the sake of purpose)

(indeclinable)

compound of artha and artha (in adverbial sense)

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+artha)

• artha – wealth, purpose
  noun (masculine)
• artha – aim, purpose, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative of purpose.

कामहेतुना (kāmahetunā) - due to desire (kāma) (by reason of desire, due to desire)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāmahetu

kāmahetu - reason of desire, cause of desire

compound of kāma and hetu

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+hetu)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)

चतुर्थः (caturthaḥ) - the fourth (type of expenditure) (fourth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturtha

caturtha - fourth

From catur (four)

व्यसनाघाते (vyasanāghāte) - in the context of causing harm or misfortune (vyasana) (in the striking of misfortune, in the infliction of calamity)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vyasanāghāta

vyasanāghāta - infliction of misfortune, striking of calamity

compound of vyasana and āghāta

Compound type : tatpurusha (vyasana+āghāta)

• vyasana – misfortune, calamity, vice, addiction
  noun (neuter)
• āghāta – striking, blow, infliction
  noun (masculine)
  from ā-√han
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to the context or circumstance of the fourth type of giving.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, similarly)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - just so, indeed (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अत्र (atra) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

अनुवर्णितः (anuvarṇitaḥ) - described (here) (described, enumerated, narrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuvarṇita

anuvarṇita - described, enumerated, narrated

Past Passive Participle

From anu-√varṇ (to describe, relate)

Prefix: anu

Root: varṇ (class 10)

Note: Pertains to the 'caturthaḥ' (the fourth).