महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-140

ततो जगति राजेन्द्र सततं शब्दितं बुधैः ।
देवाश्च नरदेवाश्च तुल्या इति विशां पते ॥१४०॥

140. tato jagati rājendra satataṁ śabditaṁ budhaiḥ ,
devāśca naradevāśca tulyā iti viśāṁ pate.

140. tataḥ jagati rājendra satatam śabditam budhaiḥ
devāḥ ca naradevāḥ ca tulyāḥ iti viśām pate

140. rājendra viśām pate tataḥ jagati budhaiḥ satatam
śabditam devāḥ ca naradevāḥ ca tulyāḥ iti

140. Therefore, O King (rājendra), it is constantly proclaimed by the wise (budha) in this world (jagat): 'Gods (deva) and human kings (naradeva) are equal,' O lord of the people.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (thereupon, therefore, from that)

• जगति (jagati) - in the world (jagat) (in the world, in the universe, among living beings)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King (rājendra) (O King, O Lord of kings)

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

• शब्दितम् (śabditam) - proclaimed, spoken (spoken, sounded, proclaimed)

• बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise (budha) (by the wise, by the intelligent)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods (deva) (gods, divine beings (deva))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नरदेवाः (naradevāḥ) - human kings (naradeva) (human kings, kings of men (naradeva))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तुल्याः (tulyāḥ) - equal (equal, comparable, similar)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (introducing a quote) (thus, so, indicating a quote or thought)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of the people, of the subjects, of the clans)

• पते (pate) - O lord (of the people) (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (thereupon, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that)

Note: Adverb

जगति (jagati) - in the world (jagat) (in the world, in the universe, among living beings)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings (jagat)

Present Active Participle

Irregular participle from √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King (rājendra) (O King, O Lord of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, emperor, sovereign

Compound of rājan (king) + indra (chief)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, the deity Indra
  noun (masculine)

सततम् (satatam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sa' (with) + 'tata' (stretched, extended)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+tata)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• tata – stretched, extended, spread out
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of √tan (to stretch)
  Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Adverb modifying 'śabditam'

शब्दितम् (śabditam) - proclaimed, spoken (spoken, sounded, proclaimed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śabdita

śabdita - spoken, sounded, named, proclaimed

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √śabd (to sound, to speak)

Root: śabd (class 10)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective or verbal noun

बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise (budha) (by the wise, by the intelligent)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned person, a sage (budha)

Derived from root √budh (to know, perceive)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction ('śabditam')

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods (deva) (gods, divine beings (deva))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, divine being (deva)

Note: Subject of the embedded clause

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'devāḥ' and 'naradevāḥ'

नरदेवाः (naradevāḥ) - human kings (naradeva) (human kings, kings of men (naradeva))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naradeva

naradeva - king of men, human lord, ruler (naradeva)

Compound of nara (man) + deva (god/lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+deva)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, divine being, lord
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the embedded clause

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'naradevāḥ' and 'tulyāḥ' (as part of a list)

तुल्याः (tulyāḥ) - equal (equal, comparable, similar)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tulya

tulya - equal, comparable, similar, worthy

Gerundive from √tul

Gerundive form, meaning 'to be weighed/compared', hence 'equal/comparable'

Root: tul (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so (introducing a quote) (thus, so, indicating a quote or thought)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the direct speech

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of the people, of the subjects, of the clans)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, clan, settlement

Root noun

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Governed by 'pate'

पते (pate) - O lord (of the people) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

i-stem masculine noun

Note: Addressed to the listener (the King)