महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-17

नष्टायां प्रतिपत्तौ तु मोहवश्या नरास्तदा ।
लोभस्य वशमापन्नाः सर्वे भारतसत्तम ॥१७॥

17. naṣṭāyāṁ pratipattau tu mohavaśyā narāstadā ,
lobhasya vaśamāpannāḥ sarve bhāratasattama.

17. naṣṭāyām pratipattau tu moha-vaśyāḥ narāḥ tadā
| lobhasya vaśam āpannāḥ sarve bhāratasattama

17. bhāratasattama tu tadā pratipattau naṣṭāyām
moha-vaśyāḥ narāḥ sarve lobhasya vaśam āpannāḥ

17. O best of Bhāratas, when their proper conduct (pratipatti) was lost, then those people, being under the sway of delusion (moha), all fell under the power of greed.

Words meanings summery:

• नष्टायाम् (naṣṭāyām) - when lost (having been lost, destroyed, perished)

• प्रतिपत्तौ (pratipattau) - in proper conduct (in proper conduct, in understanding, in agreement)

• तु (tu) - then (indicating transition) (but, indeed, however)

• मोह-वश्याः (moha-vaśyāḥ) - being under the sway of delusion (moha) (controlled by delusion, subjected to delusion)

• नराः (narāḥ) - those people (men, people, human beings)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• लोभस्य (lobhasya) - of greed (of greed, of covetousness)

• वशम् (vaśam) - under the power (of) (sway, control, power)

• आपन्नाः (āpannāḥ) - fell under (the power of) (having reached, having attained, having fallen into)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every, whole)

• भारतसत्तम (bhāratasattama) - O best of Bhāratas

Words meanings and morphology

नष्टायाम् (naṣṭāyām) - when lost (having been lost, destroyed, perished)

(participle)

Locative, feminine, singular of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - lost, destroyed, perished, vanished

Past Passive Participle

Root 'naś' (to perish) + kta suffix, declined in feminine locative singular

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction.

प्रतिपत्तौ (pratipattau) - in proper conduct (in proper conduct, in understanding, in agreement)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pratipatti

pratipatti - proper conduct, understanding, realization, agreement, obtaining

From prati- (prefix) + root pad- (to go) + kti suffix

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Forms a locative absolute with 'naṣṭāyām'.

तु (tu) - then (indicating transition) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions to introduce a new clause or emphasize.

मोह-वश्याः (moha-vaśyāḥ) - being under the sway of delusion (moha) (controlled by delusion, subjected to delusion)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : tatpurusha (moha+vaśya)

• moha – delusion, confusion, infatuation
  noun (masculine)
  From root muh 'to be bewildered'
  Root: muh
• vaśya – controllable, subject to, obedient
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root vaś (to wish, to control) + ya suffix (kṛtya)
  Root: vaś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'narāḥ'.

नराः (narāḥ) - those people (men, people, human beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human, person

Note: Subject of 'āpannāḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

लोभस्य (lobhasya) - of greed (of greed, of covetousness)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, avarice, desire

From root lubh 'to desire'

Root: lubh

Note: Qualifies 'vaśam'.

वशम् (vaśam) - under the power (of) (sway, control, power)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - sway, control, power, will

Note: Object of 'āpannāḥ' when combined.

आपन्नाः (āpannāḥ) - fell under (the power of) (having reached, having attained, having fallen into)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āpanna

āpanna - reached, attained, fallen into, undergone

Past Passive Participle

Root 'āp' with prefix 'ā-' + kta suffix, declined in masculine nominative plural

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'narāḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every, whole)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'narāḥ'.

भारतसत्तम (bhāratasattama) - O best of Bhāratas

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhārata+sattama)

• bhārata – descendant of Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
  From Bharata (name of an ancient king/ancestor) + aṇ suffix
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama to 'sat' (good, excellent)

Note: Common epithet in epics.