महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-59, verse-59

क्रोधजानि तथोग्राणि कामजानि तथैव च ।
दशोक्तानि कुरुश्रेष्ठ व्यसनान्यत्र चैव ह ॥५९॥

59. krodhajāni tathogrāṇi kāmajāni tathaiva ca ,
daśoktāni kuruśreṣṭha vyasanānyatra caiva ha.

59. krodhajāni tathā ugrāṇi kāmajāni tathā eva ca
daśa uktāni kuruśreṣṭha vyasanāni atra ca eva ha

59. kuruśreṣṭha atra daśa vyasanāni uktāni ca eva ha
krodhajāni tathā ugrāṇi kāmajāni tathā eva ca

59. O best among the Kurus, ten vices (vyasana) are declared here, consisting of those born of anger (krodha) — which are formidable — and those similarly born of desire (kāma).

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोधजानि (krodhajāni) - vices born of anger (krodha) (born of anger)

• तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)

• उग्राणि (ugrāṇi) - formidable (vices) (fierce, terrible, formidable)

• कामजानि (kāmajāni) - vices born of desire (kāma) (born of desire)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (and, likewise, thus)

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed)

• च (ca) - and

• दश (daśa) - ten (vices) (ten)

• उक्तानि (uktāni) - declared (as) (said, declared, enumerated)

• कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - O best of Kurus (Arjuna or Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Kurus)

• व्यसनानि (vyasanāni) - vices (misfortunes, calamities, vices)

• अत्र (atra) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this place, in this matter)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, surely (particle))

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोधजानि (krodhajāni) - vices born of anger (krodha) (born of anger)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of krodhaja

krodhaja - born of anger, caused by anger

Compound of krodha and ja (from √jan, 'born')

Compound type : tatpurusha (krodha+ja)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix from √jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with implicit `vyasanāni`.

तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

उग्राणि (ugrāṇi) - formidable (vices) (fierce, terrible, formidable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, formidable, powerful

Note: Agrees with implicit `vyasanāni` or specifically `krodhajāni vyasanāni`.

कामजानि (kāmajāni) - vices born of desire (kāma) (born of desire)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kāmaja

kāmaja - born of desire, caused by desire

Compound of kāma and ja (from √jan, 'born')

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+ja)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix from √jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with implicit `vyasanāni`.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (and, likewise, thus)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

दश (daśa) - ten (vices) (ten)

(numeral)

उक्तानि (uktāni) - declared (as) (said, declared, enumerated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

From √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

कुरुश्रेष्ठ (kuruśreṣṭha) - O best of Kurus (Arjuna or Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Kurus)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best of Kurus

Compound of kuru and śreṣṭha

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – name of an ancient king, a descendant of Kuru, member of the Kuru dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of praśasya

Note: Common epithet for Arjuna or Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahabharata.

व्यसनानि (vyasanāni) - vices (misfortunes, calamities, vices)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, vice, bad habit, addiction

From vi-√as (to throw, fall into)

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: The main subject of the declaration.

अत्र (atra) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, surely (particle))

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or interrogative particle.

Note: Emphatic particle.