योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-85, verse-2

तत्रार्धरात्रसमये दूरं याते शिखिध्वजे ।
हरिणी ग्रामसुप्तेव चूडाला बुबुधे भयात् ॥ २ ॥

tatrārdharātrasamaye dūraṃ yāte śikhidhvaje ,
hariṇī grāmasupteva cūḍālā bubudhe bhayāt 2

2. tatra ardharātrasamaye dūram yāte śikhidhvaje
hariṇī grāmasuptā iva cūḍālā bubudhe bhayāt

2. tatra ardharātrasamaye śikhidhvaje dūram yāte,
cūḍālā hariṇī grāmasuptā iva bhayāt bubudhe.

2. Then, at midnight, with Shikhidhvaja having gone far away, Chūḍālā awoke in fear, like a deer when a village has fallen silent in sleep.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then

• अर्धरात्रसमये (ardharātrasamaye) - at midnight

• दूरम् (dūram) - far away, to a distance

• याते (yāte) - having gone, departed

• शिखिध्वजे (śikhidhvaje) - when Shikhidhvaja (had gone)

• हरिणी (hariṇī) - a female deer, a hind

• ग्रामसुप्ता (grāmasuptā) - like a village that has fallen completely silent in sleep ((a village) asleep, deep in sleep (like a village))

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• चूडाला (cūḍālā) - name of Shikhidhvaja's wife (Chūḍālā)

• बुबुधे (bubudhe) - she awoke, she perceived, she knew

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, then

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem tad + suffix -tra

Note: Adverb of place and time.

अर्धरात्रसमये (ardharātrasamaye) - at midnight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ardharātrasamaya

ardharātrasamaya - midnight, the time of mid-night

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ardha+rātra+samaya)

• ardha – half
  noun (neuter)
• rātra – night (often refers to a specific night period)
  noun (neuter)
• samaya – time, season, proper moment
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative case indicating time.

दूरम् (dūram) - far away, to a distance

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative, indicating direction/distance.

याते (yāte) - having gone, departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, walked

past passive participle

From root yā (class 2) with suffix -ta

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute with `śikhidhvaje`.

शिखिध्वजे (śikhidhvaje) - when Shikhidhvaja (had gone)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śikhidhvaja

śikhidhvaja - Shikhidhvaja (name of a king)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śikhi+dhvaja)

• śikhi – peacock, flame, crest
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, mark
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative absolute construction, indicating a subordinate clause of time.

हरिणी (hariṇī) - a female deer, a hind

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hariṇī

hariṇī - female deer, hind

Feminine form of hariṇa

Note: Part of the simile: 'Chūḍālā, like a deer...'

ग्रामसुप्ता (grāmasuptā) - like a village that has fallen completely silent in sleep ((a village) asleep, deep in sleep (like a village))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of grāmasuptā

grāmasuptā - a village asleep; sleeping like a village (deeply, quietly)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (grāma+suptā)

• grāma – village, community
  noun (masculine)
• suptā – slept, asleep
  adjective (feminine)
  past passive participle
  Feminine of supta, from root svap (to sleep)
  Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `hariṇī`, describing the state implied by the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle introducing a simile.

चूडाला (cūḍālā) - name of Shikhidhvaja's wife (Chūḍālā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cūḍālā

cūḍālā - Chūḍālā (name of Shikhidhvaja's wife)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

बुबुधे (bubudhe) - she awoke, she perceived, she knew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of budh

perfect middle

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice of root budh (class 1)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

Note: Indicates the cause or source of waking.