वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-47, verse-92

तमाह सौमित्रिरविस्मयानो गर्जन्तमुद्वृत्तसिताग्रदंष्ट्रम् ।
राजन्न गर्जन्ति महाप्रभावा विकत्थसे पापकृतां वरिष्ठ ॥९२॥

92. tamāha saumitriravismayāno garjantamudvṛttasitāgradaṃṣṭram ,
rājanna garjanti mahāprabhāvā vikatthase pāpakṛtāṃ variṣṭha.

92. tam āha saumitriḥ avismayānaḥ
garjantam udvṛttasitāgradamṣṭram
rājan na garjanti mahāprabhāvāḥ
vikatthase pāpakṛtām variṣṭha

92. saumitriḥ avismayānaḥ tam garjantam
udvṛttasitāgradamṣṭram āha
rājan mahāprabhāvāḥ na garjanti
pāpakṛtām variṣṭha vikatthase

92. Lakshmana, unperturbed, said to Ravana, who was roaring with uplifted, white, sharp fangs: "O King, those of great power do not roar. You merely boast, O foremost among evildoers!"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (Ravana) (to him, that)

• आह (āha) - said (said, spoke)

• सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra (Lakshmana))

• अविस्मयानः (avismayānaḥ) - unperturbed (unamazed, unperturbed, not wondering)

• गर्जन्तम् (garjantam) - the roaring one (Ravana) (roaring)

• उद्वृत्तसिताग्रदम्ष्ट्रम् (udvṛttasitāgradamṣṭram) - (Ravana) whose fangs were uplifted, white, and sharp (having uplifted, white, sharp fangs)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Ravana) (O King)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• गर्जन्ति (garjanti) - they (those of great power) roar (they roar)

• महाप्रभावाः (mahāprabhāvāḥ) - those of great power (those of great power, very powerful)

• विकत्थसे (vikatthase) - you merely boast (you boast, you brag)

• पापकृताम् (pāpakṛtām) - among evildoers (of evildoers, among sinners)

• वरिष्ठ (variṣṭha) - O foremost (among evildoers) (foremost, best, chief)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (Ravana) (to him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'āha'

आह (āha) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect Tense, 3rd Person, Singular, Active Voice

Irregular perfect form of root ah

Root: ah

सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra (Lakshmana))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā, Lakshmana

Descendant of Sumitrā

Note: Subject of 'āha'

अविस्मयानः (avismayānaḥ) - unperturbed (unamazed, unperturbed, not wondering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avismayamāna

avismayamāna - not wondering, unperturbed

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root smi with prefix vi, negated by a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+vismayamāna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vismayamāna – wondering, astonished
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Middle Participle
  Derived from root smi with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'saumitriḥ'

गर्जन्तम् (garjantam) - the roaring one (Ravana) (roaring)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of garjat

garjat - roaring, thundering

Present Active Participle

Derived from root garj

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tam' (Ravana)

उद्वृत्तसिताग्रदम्ष्ट्रम् (udvṛttasitāgradamṣṭram) - (Ravana) whose fangs were uplifted, white, and sharp (having uplifted, white, sharp fangs)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udvṛttasitāgradamṣṭra

udvṛttasitāgradamṣṭra - having uplifted, white, sharp fangs

Compound type : bahuvrihi (udvṛtta+sita+agra+damṣṭrā)

• udvṛtta – uplifted, risen, prominent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛt with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• sita – white, bright
  adjective (masculine)
• agra – sharp, foremost, tip
  adjective (neuter)
• damṣṭrā – fang, tusk
  noun (feminine)
  Root: daṃś (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tam' (Ravana)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Ravana) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle

गर्जन्ति (garjanti) - they (those of great power) roar (they roar)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of garj

Present Tense, 3rd Person, Plural, Active Voice

Root garj, Class 1 verb

Root: garj (class 1)

महाप्रभावाः (mahāprabhāvāḥ) - those of great power (those of great power, very powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāprabhāva

mahāprabhāva - of great power, mighty, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+prabhāva)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• prabhāva – power, might, influence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'garjanti'

विकत्थसे (vikatthase) - you merely boast (you boast, you brag)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vikatth

Present Tense, 2nd Person, Singular, Middle Voice

Root katth with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: katth (class 1)

पापकृताम् (pāpakṛtām) - among evildoers (of evildoers, among sinners)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāpakṛt

pāpakṛt - evildoer, sinner

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāpa+kṛt)

• pāpa – evil, sin, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• kṛt – doing, making, doer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix
  Derived from root kṛ 'to do'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'variṣṭha' for "foremost among"

वरिष्ठ (variṣṭha) - O foremost (among evildoers) (foremost, best, chief)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of variṣṭha

variṣṭha - best, excellent, chief, foremost

Superlative degree from vara/uru

Note: Adjective referring to Ravana