वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-47, verse-16

यश्चैष विन्ध्यास्तमहेन्द्रकल्पो धन्वी रथस्थो ऽतिरथो ऽतिवीर्यः ।
विस्फारयंश्चापमतुल्यमानं नाम्नातिकायो ऽतिविवृद्धकायः ॥१६॥

16. yaścaiṣa vindhyāstamahendrakalpo dhanvī rathastho'tiratho'tivīryaḥ ,
visphārayaṃścāpamatulyamānaṃ nāmnātikāyo'tivivṛddhakāyaḥ.

16. yaḥ ca eṣaḥ vindhyāstamamahendrakalpaḥ
dhanvī rathasthaḥ atirathaḥ
ativīryaḥ visphārayan ca cāpam atulyamānam
nāmnā Atikāyaḥ ativivṛddhakāyaḥ

16. ca eṣaḥ Atikāyaḥ nāmnā ativivṛddhakāyaḥ
yaḥ vindhyāstamamahendrakalpaḥ
dhanvī rathasthaḥ atirathaḥ
ativīryaḥ atulyamānam cāpam visphārayan

16. And this warrior, who stands on a chariot, an archer (dhanvi) like the Vindhya and Astamahēndra mountains, a supreme warrior of immense prowess, stretching his unparalleled bow – he is Atikāya by name, possessing an exceedingly colossal body.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• च (ca) - and, also

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

• विन्ध्यास्तममहेन्द्रकल्पः (vindhyāstamamahendrakalpaḥ) - like the Vindhya and Astamahēndra mountains

• धन्वी (dhanvī) - archer (dhanvi) (archer, possessing a bow)

• रथस्थः (rathasthaḥ) - standing on a chariot, charioteer

• अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - supreme warrior (a great warrior, one who can fight against many chariots)

• अतिवीर्यः (ativīryaḥ) - exceedingly powerful, of immense prowess

• विस्फारयन् (visphārayan) - stretching, drawing (a bow)

• च (ca) - and, also

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• अतुल्यमानम् (atulyamānam) - unequalled, incomparable

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

• अतिकायः (atikāyaḥ) - Atikāya (proper name)

• अतिविवृद्धकायः (ativivṛddhakāyaḥ) - with an exceedingly large body

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this

विन्ध्यास्तममहेन्द्रकल्पः (vindhyāstamamahendrakalpaḥ) - like the Vindhya and Astamahēndra mountains

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vindhyāstamamahendrakalpa

vindhyāstamamahendrakalpa - like the Vindhya and Astamahēndra mountains

Compound type : tatpurusha (vindhya+astamahendra+kalpa)

• vindhya – Vindhya mountain range
  proper noun (masculine)
• astamahendra – Astamahendra mountain (a specific mountain name, possibly implying 'western Mahendra')
  proper noun (masculine)
• kalpa – like, resembling, similar to
  suffix (masculine)

धन्वी (dhanvī) - archer (dhanvi) (archer, possessing a bow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, one who has a bow

रथस्थः (rathasthaḥ) - standing on a chariot, charioteer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing on a chariot, charioteer

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - supreme warrior (a great warrior, one who can fight against many chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atiratha

atiratha - a great warrior, one who can fight against many chariots

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+ratha)

• ati – beyond, excessive, great
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, warrior
  noun (masculine)

अतिवीर्यः (ativīryaḥ) - exceedingly powerful, of immense prowess

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ativīrya

ativīrya - exceedingly powerful, of immense prowess

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+vīrya)

• ati – beyond, excessive, very
  indeclinable
• vīrya – valor, prowess, strength, power
  noun (neuter)

विस्फारयन् (visphārayan) - stretching, drawing (a bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visphārayat

visphārayat - stretching, drawing (a bow)

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root sphur (to throb, expand) with upasarga vi and causative suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: sphur (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

अतुल्यमानम् (atulyamānam) - unequalled, incomparable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atulyamāna

atulyamāna - unequalled, incomparable, immeasurable

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+tulya+māna)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
• tulya – equal, comparable, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• māna – measure, comparison, respect
  noun (neuter)

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name

अतिकायः (atikāyaḥ) - Atikāya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Atikāya

Atikāya - Atikāya (lit. 'of excessive body'), a son of Ravana

अतिविवृद्धकायः (ativivṛddhakāyaḥ) - with an exceedingly large body

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ativivṛddhakāya

ativivṛddhakāya - with an exceedingly large body, gigantic

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ati+vivṛddha+kāya)

• ati – beyond, excessive, very
  indeclinable
• vivṛddha – grown, increased, developed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root vṛdh (to grow) with upasarga vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• kāya – body
  noun (masculine)