वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-47, verse-130

तं विह्वलन्तं प्रसमीक्ष्य रामः समाददे दीप्तमथार्धचन्द्रम् ।
तेनार्कवर्णं सहसा किरीटं चिच्छेद रक्षोऽधिपतेर्महात्माः ॥१३०॥

130. taṃ vihvalantaṃ prasamīkṣya rāmaḥ samādade dīptamathārdhacandram ,
tenārkavarṇaṃ sahasā kirīṭaṃ ciccheda rakṣo'dhipatermahātmāḥ.

130. tam vihvalantam prasamīkṣya rāmaḥ
samādade dīptam atha ardhacandram
tena arkavarṇam sahasā kirīṭam
ciccheda rakṣaḥ adhipateḥ mahātmā

130. mahātmā rāmaḥ tam vihvalantam
prasamīkṣya atha dīptam ardhacandram
samādade tena sahasā rakṣaḥ
adhipateḥ arkavarṇam kirīṭam ciccheda

130. Observing him staggering, the great-souled (mahātmā) Rama then took up a blazing, crescent-shaped arrow. With that, he swiftly cut off the sun-colored crown of the lord of the rākṣasas.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Ravana) (him, that)

• विह्वलन्तम् (vihvalantam) - him (Ravana) who was staggering/bewildered (staggering, bewildered, agitated)

• प्रसमीक्ष्य (prasamīkṣya) - having observed, having seen carefully

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (a personal name)

• समाददे (samādade) - took up, grasped, accepted

• दीप्तम् (dīptam) - blazing, shining, splendid

• अथ (atha) - then, next, now

• अर्धचन्द्रम् (ardhacandram) - crescent-shaped arrow (half-moon, crescent-shaped object)

• तेन (tena) - by that (crescent-shaped arrow) (by that, with that)

• अर्कवर्णम् (arkavarṇam) - sun-colored, radiant like the sun

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, by force

• किरीटम् (kirīṭam) - crown, diadem

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off, severed, pierced

• रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - (of) the demon (Ravana) (demon, rākṣasa)

• अधिपतेः (adhipateḥ) - of the lord (Ravana) (of the lord, master, ruler)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - (Rama) the great-souled one (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Ravana) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विह्वलन्तम् (vihvalantam) - him (Ravana) who was staggering/bewildered (staggering, bewildered, agitated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vihvalat

vihvalat - staggering, bewildered, agitated, confused

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root hval with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

प्रसमीक्ष्य (prasamīkṣya) - having observed, having seen carefully

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root īkṣ with prefixes pra and sam

Prefixes: pra+sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (a personal name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (seventh incarnation of Vishnu); pleasing, delightful

समाददे (samādade) - took up, grasped, accepted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect Active

Root dā (3P/U) with prefixes sam and ā. Atmanepada form.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

दीप्तम् (dīptam) - blazing, shining, splendid

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīpta

dīpta - shining, blazing, bright, splendid

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dīp (to shine)

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with ardhacandram

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

अर्धचन्द्रम् (ardhacandram) - crescent-shaped arrow (half-moon, crescent-shaped object)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ardhacandra

ardhacandra - half-moon, crescent

Compound type : tatpurusha (ardha+candra)

• ardha – half
  noun (neuter)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as an adjective for an implied arrow, referring to its shape.

तेन (tena) - by that (crescent-shaped arrow) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with ardhacandram (implied arrow).

अर्कवर्णम् (arkavarṇam) - sun-colored, radiant like the sun

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arkavarṇa

arkavarṇa - sun-colored, golden

Compound type : tatpurusha (arka+varṇa)

• arka – sun, ray
  noun (masculine)
• varṇa – color, hue
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with kirīṭam.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, by force

(indeclinable)

किरीटम् (kirīṭam) - crown, diadem

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kirīṭa

kirīṭa - crown, diadem

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off, severed, pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of chid

Perfect Active

Root chid (7P)

Root: chid (class 7)

रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - (of) the demon (Ravana) (demon, rākṣasa)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, evil spirit, rākṣasa

Note: Here in sandhi with adhipateḥ, derived from rakṣas + adhipateḥ, where -s becomes -ḥ, then -o.

अधिपतेः (adhipateḥ) - of the lord (Ravana) (of the lord, master, ruler)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of adhipati

adhipati - lord, master, ruler

महात्मा (mahātmā) - (Rama) the great-souled one (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rama. The final visarga in Devanagari (महात्माः) is likely a poetic license or textual variant for an isolated word at the end of a line, grammatically it is mahātmā.