वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-47, verse-34

तमापतन्तं सहसा समीक्ष्य दीप्तेषुचापं युधि राक्षसेन्द्रम् ।
महत् समुत्पाट्य महीधराग्रं दुद्राव रक्षोऽधिपतिं हरीशः ॥३४॥

34. tamāpatantaṃ sahasā samīkṣya dīpteṣucāpaṃ yudhi rākṣasendram ,
mahat samutpāṭya mahīdharāgraṃ dudrāva rakṣo'dhipatiṃ harīśaḥ.

34. tam āpatantam sahasā samīkṣya
dīpteṣucāpam yudhi rākṣasendram
mahat samutpāṭya mahīdharāgram
dudrāva rakṣas adhipatim harīśaḥ

34. harīśaḥ yudhi dīpteṣucāpam tam
āpatantam rākṣasendram sahasā
samīkṣya mahat mahīdharāgram
samutpāṭya rakṣas adhipatim dudrāva

34. Upon suddenly seeing that lord of rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa) approaching in battle with his shining bow and arrows, Sugrīva, the lord of monkeys, uprooted a large mountain peak and rushed towards the lord of rākṣasas.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Rāvaṇa) (him, that)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, by force

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

• दीप्तेषुचापम् (dīpteṣucāpam) - having shining arrows and a bow

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle

• राक्षसेन्द्रम् (rākṣasendram) - Rāvaṇa (the lord of rākṣasas)

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, vast

• समुत्पाट्य (samutpāṭya) - having uprooted completely

• महीधराग्रम् (mahīdharāgram) - a mountain peak, summit of a mountain

• दुद्राव (dudrāva) - rushed, ran

• रक्षस् (rakṣas) - demon, rākṣasa

• अधिपतिम् (adhipatim) - lord (Rāvaṇa) (lord, master, chief)

• हरीशः (harīśaḥ) - Sugrīva (lord of monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Rāvaṇa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatant

āpatant - approaching, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √pat (to fall, to fly) with the prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tam' (Rāvaṇa)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, by force

(indeclinable)

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Gerund/Absolutive

Derived from the root √īkṣ (to see) with the prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

दीप्तेषुचापम् (dīpteṣucāpam) - having shining arrows and a bow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīpteṣucāpa

dīpteṣucāpa - one whose arrows and bow are shining

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīpta+iṣu+cāpa)

• dīpta – shining, lit up
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √dīp (to shine)
  Root: dīp (class 4)
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• cāpa – bow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'rākṣasendram'

युधि (yudhi) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight

राक्षसेन्द्रम् (rākṣasendram) - Rāvaṇa (the lord of rākṣasas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - lord of rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa

महत् (mahat) - great, large, vast

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast

Note: Modifies 'mahīdharāgram'

समुत्पाट्य (samutpāṭya) - having uprooted completely

(indeclinable)

Gerund/Absolutive

Derived from the root √paṭ (to burst, to split) in causative, with prefixes sam- and ud-

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: paṭ (class 10)

महीधराग्रम् (mahīdharāgram) - a mountain peak, summit of a mountain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahīdharāgra

mahīdharāgra - mountain peak, summit of a mountain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahīdhara+agra)

• mahīdhara – mountain (lit. earth-bearer)
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

दुद्राव (dudrāva) - rushed, ran

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dru

Root: dru (class 1)

रक्षस् (rakṣas) - demon, rākṣasa

(noun)

of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, rākṣasa, a being to be guarded against

Note: Stem form, first part of the compound 'rakṣoadhipati'

अधिपतिम् (adhipatim) - lord (Rāvaṇa) (lord, master, chief)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhipati

adhipati - lord, master, chief

Note: Second part of the compound 'rakṣoadhipati'; refers to Rāvaṇa

हरीशः (harīśaḥ) - Sugrīva (lord of monkeys)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harīśa

harīśa - lord of monkeys, Sugrīva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+īśa)

• hari – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)