वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-47, verse-81

आग्नेयेनाथ संयुक्तं गृहीत्वा रावणः शरम् ।
ध्वजशीर्षस्थितं नीलमुदैक्षत निशाचरः ॥८१॥

81. āgneyenātha saṃyuktaṃ gṛhītvā rāvaṇaḥ śaram ,
dhvajaśīrṣasthitaṃ nīlamudaikṣata niśācaraḥ.

81. āgneyena atha saṃyuktam gṛhītvā rāvaṇaḥ śaram
dhvaja-śīrṣa-sthitam nīlam udaikṣata niśācaraḥ

81. atha rāvaṇaḥ niśācaraḥ āgneyena saṃyuktam śaram
gṛhītvā dhvaja-śīrṣa-sthitam nīlam udaikṣata

81. Then Rāvaṇa, the night-wanderer, taking an arrow imbued with the āgneya power, looked up at Nīla, who was standing on the top of the banner.

Words meanings summery:

• आग्नेयेन (āgneyena) - with the power of Agni (fire deity) (by the āgneya (weapon/power), with the āgneya)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• संयुक्तम् (saṁyuktam) - imbued (with āgneya power) (joined with, endowed with, connected with)

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having seized

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

• शरम् (śaram) - arrow

• ध्वज-शीर्ष-स्थितम् (dhvaja-śīrṣa-sthitam) - standing on the top of the banner

• नीलम् (nīlam) - Nīla (a monkey general) (Nīla)

• उदैक्षत (udaikṣata) - he looked up at, he beheld

• निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - Rāvaṇa (as a Rākṣasa) (night-wanderer, demon, Rākṣasa)

Words meanings and morphology

आग्नेयेन (āgneyena) - with the power of Agni (fire deity) (by the āgneya (weapon/power), with the āgneya)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of āgneya

āgneya - fiery, belonging to Agni, an āgneya weapon/power

Derivative of Agni (Agni + ḍhak)

Note: It is used instrumentally, modifying 'saṃyuktam' implicitly referring to the āgneya power/mantra.

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

संयुक्तम् (saṁyuktam) - imbued (with āgneya power) (joined with, endowed with, connected with)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃyukta

saṁyukta - joined, connected, endowed with, united

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √yuj (to join, unite) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'śaram'.

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from √grah (to seize, take)

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive form.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the Rākṣasa king)

Note: Subject of 'udaikṣata'.

शरम् (śaram) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gṛhītvā'.

ध्वज-शीर्ष-स्थितम् (dhvaja-śīrṣa-sthitam) - standing on the top of the banner

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhvaja-śīrṣa-sthita

dhvaja-śīrṣa-sthita - standing on the top of the banner

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhvaja+śīrṣa+sthita)

• dhvaja – banner, flag
  noun (masculine)
• śīrṣa – head, top
  noun (neuter)
• sthita – standing, situated, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nīlam'.

नीलम् (nīlam) - Nīla (a monkey general) (Nīla)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nīla

nīla - Nīla (name of a monkey chief); blue, dark

Note: Object of 'udaikṣata'.

उदैक्षत (udaikṣata) - he looked up at, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of īkṣ

Prefix: ud

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Imperfect 3rd singular middle of ud-√īkṣ.

निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - Rāvaṇa (as a Rākṣasa) (night-wanderer, demon, Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, Rākṣasa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – going, moving, wanderer
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from √car (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Rāvaṇa. Appositive to 'rāvaṇaḥ'.