वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-47, verse-118

तच्छ्रुत्वा राघवो वाक्यं वायुपुत्रेण भाषितम् ।
आरोहत् सहसा शूरो हनूमन्तं महाकपिम् ।
रथस्थं रावणं संख्ये ददर्श मनुजाधिपः ॥११८॥

118. tacchrutvā rāghavo vākyaṃ vāyuputreṇa bhāṣitam ,
ārohat sahasā śūro hanūmantaṃ mahākapim ,
rathasthaṃ rāvaṇaṃ saṃkhye dadarśa manujādhipaḥ.

118. tat śrutvā rāghavaḥ vākyam vāyuputreṇa
bhāṣitam ārohat sahasā śūraḥ
hanūmantam mahākapim rathastham
rāvaṇam saṅkhye dadarśa manujādhipaḥ

118. manujādhipaḥ śūraḥ rāghavaḥ vāyuputreṇa
bhāṣitam tat vākyam śrutvā
sahasā mahākapim hanūmantam ārohat
saṅkhye rathastham rāvaṇam dadarśa

118. Hearing that speech spoken by the son of Vāyu (Hanumān), the heroic Rāghava (Rāma) suddenly mounted Hanumān, the great monkey. The lord of men (Rāma) then saw Rāvaṇa, who was standing in his chariot, on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, it)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma (Rāghava, descendant of Raghu (Rāma))

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, word, utterance

• वायुपुत्रेण (vāyuputreṇa) - by Hanumān (by the son of Vāyu (the wind god))

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken, uttered

• आरोहत् (ārohat) - he mounted, he ascended

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, at once, quickly

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - the heroic (Rāma) (heroic, brave (one))

• हनूमन्तम् (hanūmantam) - Hanumān

• महाकपिम् (mahākapim) - the great monkey (Hanumān) (the great monkey)

• रथस्थम् (rathastham) - Rāvaṇa standing in his chariot (standing in a chariot, located on a chariot)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

• सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - on the battlefield (in battle, in combat)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• मनुजाधिपः (manujādhipaḥ) - the lord of men (Rāma) (lord of men, king)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (speech) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to vākyam.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root śru (to hear) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāma (Rāghava, descendant of Raghu (Rāma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; a name for Rāma

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, word, utterance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, utterance

वायुपुत्रेण (vāyuputreṇa) - by Hanumān (by the son of Vāyu (the wind god))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāyuputra

vāyuputra - son of Vāyu (Hanumān)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāyu+putra)

• vāyu – wind, god of wind
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken, uttered

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, uttered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhāṣ (to speak) with suffix -ta.

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vākyam.

आरोहत् (ārohat) - he mounted, he ascended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of ruh

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, at once, quickly

(indeclinable)

शूरः (śūraḥ) - the heroic (Rāma) (heroic, brave (one))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valorous

Note: Agrees with rāghavaḥ.

हनूमन्तम् (hanūmantam) - Hanumān

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanumān (name of a prominent monkey-god)

महाकपिम् (mahākapim) - the great monkey (Hanumān) (the great monkey)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahākapi

mahākapi - great monkey

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+kapi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositional to Hanumān.

रथस्थम् (rathastham) - Rāvaṇa standing in his chariot (standing in a chariot, located on a chariot)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing in a chariot, charioteer

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, staying, located in/on
  adjective
  Agent Noun / Primary Derivative
  Derived from root sthā (to stand) with suffix -a.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rāvaṇam.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Lankā)

सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - on the battlefield (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅkhya

saṅkhya - battle, combat, conflict

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मनुजाधिपः (manujādhipaḥ) - the lord of men (Rāma) (lord of men, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manujādhipa

manujādhipa - lord of men, king, monarch

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuja+adhipa)

• manuja – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with rāghavaḥ.