वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-47, verse-131

तं निर्विषाशीविषसंनिकाशं शान्तार्चिषं सूर्यमिवाप्रकाशम् ।
गतश्रियं कृत्तकिरीटकूटमुवाच रामो युधि राक्षसेन्द्रम् ॥१३१॥

131. taṃ nirviṣāśīviṣasaṃnikāśaṃ śāntārciṣaṃ sūryamivāprakāśam ,
gataśriyaṃ kṛttakirīṭakūṭamuvāca rāmo yudhi rākṣasendram.

131. tam nirviṣāśīviṣasaṃnikāśam śāntārciṣam sūryam iva aprakāśam
gataśriyam kṛttakirīṭakūṭam uvāca rāmaḥ yudhi rākṣasendram

131. rāmaḥ yudhi tam nirviṣāśīviṣasaṃnikāśam śāntārciṣam aprakāśam
sūryam iva gataśriyam kṛttakirīṭakūṭam rākṣasendram uvāca

131. Rama spoke in battle (yudhi) to him, who was like a sun without light, its rays extinguished, resembling a venom-less serpent, deprived of his splendor, and with his crown cut off.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Ravana) (him, that)

• निर्विषाशीविषसंनिकाशम् (nirviṣāśīviṣasaṁnikāśam) - resembling a venom-less serpent

• शान्तार्चिषम् (śāntārciṣam) - (like the sun) with its rays extinguished (with extinguished flames/rays, lustreless)

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - sun

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• अप्रकाशम् (aprakāśam) - (like the sun) without light (lightless, dim, obscure)

• गतश्रियम् (gataśriyam) - whose glory/splendor is gone, deprived of prosperity

• कृत्तकिरीटकूटम् (kṛttakirīṭakūṭam) - whose crown's peak was cut off, whose crown was severed

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (a personal name)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in fight

• राक्षसेन्द्रम् (rākṣasendram) - to Ravana, the lord of demons (to the lord of demons)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Ravana) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Ravana.

निर्विषाशीविषसंनिकाशम् (nirviṣāśīviṣasaṁnikāśam) - resembling a venom-less serpent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirviṣāśīviṣasaṃnikāśa

nirviṣāśīviṣasaṁnikāśa - resembling a serpent whose venom has been extracted

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nirviṣa+āśīviṣa+saṃnikāśa)

• nirviṣa – venom-less, without poison
  adjective
  Prefix: nis
• āśīviṣa – venomous snake, fanged serpent
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnikāśa – resembling, like
  adjective
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Refers to Ravana.

शान्तार्चिषम् (śāntārciṣam) - (like the sun) with its rays extinguished (with extinguished flames/rays, lustreless)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāntārcis

śāntārcis - whose flames/rays are extinguished, lustreless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śānta+arcis)

• śānta – calmed, extinguished, peaceful
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śam (to be calm)
  Root: śam (class 4)
• arcis – flame, ray, light
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Ravana, comparing him to a sun.

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

अप्रकाशम् (aprakāśam) - (like the sun) without light (lightless, dim, obscure)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aprakāśa

aprakāśa - dark, lightless, obscure

Compound type : dvandva (a+prakāśa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• prakāśa – light, luster, brightness
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Refers to Ravana.

गतश्रियम् (gataśriyam) - whose glory/splendor is gone, deprived of prosperity

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gataśri

gataśri - whose glory/splendor is gone, deprived of prosperity

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gata+śrī)

• gata – gone, departed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• śrī – splendor, glory, prosperity, wealth
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to Ravana.

कृत्तकिरीटकूटम् (kṛttakirīṭakūṭam) - whose crown's peak was cut off, whose crown was severed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛttakirīṭakūṭa

kṛttakirīṭakūṭa - whose crown's peak was cut off

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛtta+kirīṭa+kūṭa)

• kṛtta – cut, severed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛt (to cut)
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• kirīṭa – crown, diadem
  noun (neuter)
• kūṭa – peak, summit, principal part
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Ravana.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root vac (2P)

Root: vac (class 2)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (a personal name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (seventh incarnation of Vishnu); pleasing, delightful

Note: Subject of uvāca.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in fight

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

राक्षसेन्द्रम् (rākṣasendram) - to Ravana, the lord of demons (to the lord of demons)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - chief of demons, lord of rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of uvāca.