महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-135, verse-3

को धर्मः सर्वधर्माणां भवतः परमो मतः ।
किं जपन्मुच्यते जन्तुर्जन्मसंसारबन्धनात् ॥३॥

3. ko dharmaḥ sarvadharmāṇāṁ bhavataḥ paramo mataḥ ,
kiṁ japanmucyate janturjanmasaṁsārabandhanāt.

3. kaḥ dharmaḥ sarvadharmāṇām bhavataḥ paramaḥ mataḥ
kim japan mucyate jantuḥ janmasaṃsārabandhanāt

3. bhavataḥ sarvadharmāṇām paramaḥ dharmaḥ kaḥ mataḥ
kim japan jantuḥ janmasaṃsārabandhanāt mucyate

3. What natural law (dharma) is considered by you as the supreme among all natural laws? By chanting what is a living being liberated from the bondage of birth and the cycle of existence (saṃsāra)?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - What? (Who? What? Which?)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• सर्वधर्माणाम् (sarvadharmāṇām) - of all natural laws (of all natural laws, of all duties)

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - by you (of you, by you)

• परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)

• मतः (mataḥ) - considered (considered, thought, opined, approved)

• किम् (kim) - by chanting what? (what? why?)

• जपन् (japan) - by chanting (chanting, muttering, reciting)

• मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated (is liberated, is released)

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - a living being (living being, creature, human being)

• जन्मसंसारबन्धनात् (janmasaṁsārabandhanāt) - from the bondage of birth and the cycle of existence (saṃsāra) (from the bondage of birth and saṃsāra (cycle of existence))

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - What? (Who? What? Which?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

from dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

सर्वधर्माणाम् (sarvadharmāṇām) - of all natural laws (of all natural laws, of all duties)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvadharma

sarvadharma - all natural laws, all duties

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+dharma)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  from dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - by you (of you, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor

Note: Here indicating agent ('by you') in connection with 'mataḥ' (considered).

परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, best

मतः (mataḥ) - considered (considered, thought, opined, approved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - considered, thought, esteemed, opinion, doctrine

Past Passive Participle

from root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Used as an adjective agreeing with 'dharmaḥ'.

किम् (kim) - by chanting what? (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

जपन् (japan) - by chanting (chanting, muttering, reciting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of japat

japat - chanting, muttering, reciting

Present Active Participle

from root jap (to mutter, whisper, chant)

Root: jap (class 1)

Note: Functions nominally, referring to 'jantuḥ'.

मुच्यते (mucyate) - is liberated (is liberated, is released)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Present Passive Indicative

Root: muc (class 6)

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - a living being (living being, creature, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man, progeny

from jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

जन्मसंसारबन्धनात् (janmasaṁsārabandhanāt) - from the bondage of birth and the cycle of existence (saṃsāra) (from the bondage of birth and saṃsāra (cycle of existence))

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of janmasaṃsārabandhana

janmasaṁsārabandhana - bondage of birth and saṃsāra

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (janman+saṃsāra+bandhana)

• janman – birth, existence
  noun (neuter)
  from jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• saṃsāra – cycle of existence, transmigration, worldly life
  noun (masculine)
  from saṃ-sṛ (to flow together, go through)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• bandhana – bondage, tie, fetter
  noun (neuter)
  from bandh (to bind)
  Root: bandh (class 1)