महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-135, verse-105

धनुर्धरो धनुर्वेदो दण्डो दमयिता दमः ।
अपराजितः सर्वसहो नियन्ता नियमो यमः ॥१०५॥

105. dhanurdharo dhanurvedo daṇḍo damayitā damaḥ ,
aparājitaḥ sarvasaho niyantā niyamo yamaḥ.

105. dhanurdharaḥ dhanurvedaḥ daṇḍaḥ damayitā damaḥ
aparājitaḥ sarvasahaḥ niyantā niyamaḥ yamaḥ

105. He is the wielder of the bow and the expert in the science of archery. He is the staff of punishment, the subduer, and the very act of subjugation. He is unconquered, tolerant of all, the regulator, the principle of regulation, and the ultimate controller.

Words meanings summery:

• धनुर्धरः (dhanurdharaḥ) - one who wields the bow (bow-bearer, archer)

• धनुर्वेदः (dhanurvedaḥ) - one who is the knowledge or master of the science of archery (the science of archery)

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - one who metes out punishment, the embodiment of justice and chastisement (stick, staff; punishment, chastisement; a punisher, chastiser)

• दमयिता (damayitā) - one who tames or subdues all forces (tamer, subduer, controller)

• दमः (damaḥ) - one who is self-controlled, or the principle of subjugation itself (self-control, restraint, subjugation; a tamer, controller)

• अपराजितः (aparājitaḥ) - one who is never defeated, supremely victorious (unconquered, invincible)

• सर्वसहः (sarvasahaḥ) - one who endures or tolerates everything, or one who conquers all (all-enduring, tolerant of everything)

• नियन्ता (niyantā) - the supreme controller and guide of all (controller, governor, ruler, charioteer)

• नियमः (niyamaḥ) - the embodiment of rules and discipline, or one who enforces them (rule, regulation, discipline; a disciplinarian)

• यमः (yamaḥ) - the supreme controller, the embodiment of self-control (controller, regulator; self-control; god of death)

Words meanings and morphology

धनुर्धरः (dhanurdharaḥ) - one who wields the bow (bow-bearer, archer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanurdhara

dhanurdhara - bow-bearer, archer, wielder of a bow

Compound of `dhanus` (bow) and `dhara` (bearer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+dhara)

• dhanus – bow, arc
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, supporting; a bearer, holder
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from `dhṛ`
  From root `dhṛ` (to hold, bear).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as an epithet.

धनुर्वेदः (dhanurvedaḥ) - one who is the knowledge or master of the science of archery (the science of archery)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanurveda

dhanurveda - the science of archery (one of the Upavedas)

Compound of `dhanus` (bow) and `veda` (knowledge).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+veda)

• dhanus – bow, arc
  noun (neuter)
• veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, (the Vedas)
  noun (masculine)
  From root `vid` (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used substantively as an epithet.

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - one who metes out punishment, the embodiment of justice and chastisement (stick, staff; punishment, chastisement; a punisher, chastiser)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, staff; punishment, penalty, chastisement; an army; a punisher

From root `daṇḍ` (to punish).

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

दमयिता (damayitā) - one who tames or subdues all forces (tamer, subduer, controller)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of damayitṛ

damayitṛ - tamer, subduer, controller, suppressor

Agent noun

From root `dam` (to tame, subdue) + suffix `tṛ`.

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Used substantively as an epithet.

दमः (damaḥ) - one who is self-controlled, or the principle of subjugation itself (self-control, restraint, subjugation; a tamer, controller)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subjugation; a tamer, controller

From root `dam` (to tame, subdue).

Root: dam (class 4)

अपराजितः (aparājitaḥ) - one who is never defeated, supremely victorious (unconquered, invincible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aparājita

aparājita - unconquered, invincible, undefeated

Compound of `a` (negation) and `parājita` (defeated). `parājita` is P.P.P. of `parā-ji`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+parājita)

• a – not, un-, non- (negation)
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• parājita – defeated, conquered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix `parā` and root `ji` (to conquer).
  Prefix: parā
  Root: ji (class 1)

सर्वसहः (sarvasahaḥ) - one who endures or tolerates everything, or one who conquers all (all-enduring, tolerant of everything)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvasaha

sarvasaha - all-enduring, tolerant of everything, patient; conquering all

Compound of `sarva` (all) and `saha` (bearing, enduring, conquering).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+saha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective/pronoun
• saha – bearing, enduring, conquering; powerful
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from `sah`
  From root `sah` (to bear, endure, overcome).
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as an epithet.

नियन्ता (niyantā) - the supreme controller and guide of all (controller, governor, ruler, charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyantṛ

niyantṛ - controller, governor, ruler, charioteer, guide

Agent noun

From prefix `ni` and root `yam` (to restrain, control) + suffix `tṛ`.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Used substantively as an epithet.

नियमः (niyamaḥ) - the embodiment of rules and discipline, or one who enforces them (rule, regulation, discipline; a disciplinarian)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyama

niyama - rule, regulation, discipline, restriction; religious observance; self-restraint

From prefix `ni` and root `yam` (to restrain, control).

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

यमः (yamaḥ) - the supreme controller, the embodiment of self-control (controller, regulator; self-control; god of death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - controller, regulator, ruler; self-control, restraint; god of death

From root `yam` (to restrain, control).

Root: yam (class 1)