महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-29, verse-66

तस्येह यजमानस्य यज्ञे यज्ञे पुरोहितः ।
सहस्रं वारणान्हैमान्दक्षिणामत्यकालयत् ॥६६॥

66. tasyeha yajamānasya yajñe yajñe purohitaḥ ,
sahasraṁ vāraṇānhaimāndakṣiṇāmatyakālayat.

66. tasya iha yajamānasya yajñe yajñe purohitaḥ
sahasram vāraṇān haimān dakṣiṇām atyakālayat

66. iha tasya yajamānasya yajñe yajñe purohitaḥ
sahasram haimān vāraṇān dakṣiṇām atyakālayat

66. Here, in every Vedic ritual (yajña) performed by that patron (yajamāna), the priest (purohita) excessively gave away a thousand golden elephants as the ritual fee (dakṣiṇā).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• यजमानस्य (yajamānasya) - of the sacrificer, of the patron

• यज्ञे (yajñe) - in the Vedic ritual (yajña) (in the Vedic ritual)

• यज्ञे (yajñe) - in every Vedic ritual (yajña) (in every Vedic ritual)

• पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - the chief priest

• सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

• वारणान् (vāraṇān) - elephants

• हैमान् (haimān) - golden

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - ritual fee, sacrificial gift (ritual fee, gift)

• अत्यकालयत् (atyakālayat) - he gave away excessively, he surpassed (in giving), he caused to give excessively

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

यजमानस्य (yajamānasya) - of the sacrificer, of the patron

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yajamāna

yajamāna - sacrificer, patron (who institutes and pays for a Vedic ritual)

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice), Present Active Participle (śānac-pratyaya).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun, referring to the performer of the ritual.

यज्ञे (yajñe) - in the Vedic ritual (yajña) (in the Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: First occurrence in repeated usage, implying 'each ritual'.

यज्ञे (yajñe) - in every Vedic ritual (yajña) (in every Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Repetition ('yajñe yajñe') indicates 'in each and every ritual'.

पुरोहितः (purohitaḥ) - the chief priest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purohita

purohita - placed in front, appointed, a family priest, chief priest

Note: Subject of atyakālayat.

सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sahasra

sahasra - a thousand

Note: Functions as a numeral quantifier for vāraṇān.

वारणान् (vāraṇān) - elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant, warding off, preventing

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of 'giving', modified by haimān and sahasram.

हैमान् (haimān) - golden

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haima

haima - golden, made of gold, pertaining to winter

Derived from 'hema' (gold) with 'aṇ' suffix.

Note: Agrees with vāraṇān.

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - ritual fee, sacrificial gift (ritual fee, gift)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - ritual fee, gift, donation; south, southern

Note: Object of atyakālayat. The elephants are given 'as' this dakṣiṇā.

अत्यकालयत् (atyakālayat) - he gave away excessively, he surpassed (in giving), he caused to give excessively

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of atyakālayat

causative

Causative verb from root 'kal' (to count, to impel) with prefix 'ati-'. Past imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra) 3rd singular active form.

Prefix: ati

Root: kal (class 10)