महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-29, verse-53

स चतुर्दश वर्षाणि वने प्रोष्य महातपाः ।
दशाश्वमेधाञ्जारूथ्यानाजहार निरर्गलान् ॥५३॥

53. sa caturdaśa varṣāṇi vane proṣya mahātapāḥ ,
daśāśvamedhāñjārūthyānājahāra nirargalān.

53. sa caturdaśa varṣāṇi vane proṣya mahātapāḥ
daśāśvamedhān jārūthyān ājuhāra nirargalān

53. sa mahātapāḥ caturdaśa varṣāṇi vane proṣya
nirargalān jārūthyān daśāśvamedhān ājuhāra

53. He, the one of great austerity (tapas), after living in the forest for fourteen years, performed ten unimpeded *aśvamedha* (horse sacrifices) that were complete with vigorous steeds.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he

• चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• प्रोष्य (proṣya) - having resided, having stayed away

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - one of great austerity, great ascetic

• दशाश्वमेधान् (daśāśvamedhān) - ten horse sacrifices

• जारूथ्यान् (jārūthyān) - referring to the horse sacrifices being complete with vigorous steeds, implying grandeur and proper execution (with vigorous steeds, well-equipped (with chariots/horses))

• आजुहार (ājuhāra) - he performed, he offered

• निरर्गलान् (nirargalān) - unobstructed, unimpeded

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen

(numeral)

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, rainy season

Note: Indicates duration of time.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

प्रोष्य (proṣya) - having resided, having stayed away

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Derived from the root vas (to dwell, reside) with the prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vas (class 1)

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - one of great austerity, great ascetic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapā

mahātapā - one of great asceticism/austerity

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• tapas – austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

दशाश्वमेधान् (daśāśvamedhān) - ten horse sacrifices

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of daśāśvamedha

daśāśvamedha - ten horse sacrifices

Compound type : dvigu (daśa+aśvamedha)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• aśvamedha – horse sacrifice (a Vedic ritual)
  noun (masculine)

जारूथ्यान् (jārūthyān) - referring to the horse sacrifices being complete with vigorous steeds, implying grandeur and proper execution (with vigorous steeds, well-equipped (with chariots/horses))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jārūthya

jārūthya - possessing vigorous steeds, chariot-born, well-equipped

आजुहार (ājuhāra) - he performed, he offered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ājuhāra

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Intensive form of root hṛ with ā.

निरर्गलान् (nirargalān) - unobstructed, unimpeded

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nirargala

nirargala - unobstructed, unimpeded, free

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+argala)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• argala – bolt, impediment, obstruction
  noun (masculine)