महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-29, verse-25

हैरण्यान्पतितान्दृष्ट्वा मत्स्यान्मकरकच्छपान् ।
सहस्रशोऽथ शतशस्ततोऽस्मयत वैतिथिः ॥२५॥

25. hairaṇyānpatitāndṛṣṭvā matsyānmakarakacchapān ,
sahasraśo'tha śataśastato'smayata vaitithiḥ.

25. hairaṇyān patitān dṛṣṭvā matsyān makarakacchapān
sahasraśaḥ atha śataśaḥ tataḥ asmayata vai atithiḥ

25. atha tatas vai atithiḥ hairaṇyān patitān matsyān
makarakacchapān sahasraśaḥ śataśaḥ dṛṣṭvā asmayata

25. Having seen the golden fish, sharks, and tortoises fallen by thousands and then by hundreds, the guest (atithi) indeed smiled.

Words meanings summery:

• हैरण्यान् (hairaṇyān) - golden (golden, made of gold)

• पतितान् (patitān) - fallen (fallen, dropped, descended)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• मत्स्यान् (matsyān) - fish

• मकरकच्छपान् (makarakacchapān) - sharks and tortoises (sea-monsters and tortoises, crocodiles and turtles)

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands (by thousands, in thousands)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, next, now)

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds (by hundreds, in hundreds)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (from that, thence, then, thereupon)

• अस्मयत (asmayata) - he smiled (he smiled, he wondered)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

• अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - the guest (guest, stranger)

Words meanings and morphology

हैरण्यान् (hairaṇyān) - golden (golden, made of gold)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hairaṇya

hairaṇya - golden, relating to gold, made of gold

Derived from 'hiraṇya' (gold).

पतितान् (patitān) - fallen (fallen, dropped, descended)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended, outcast

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'pat' (to fall) with suffix '-ita'.

Root: pat (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of 'asmayata' (smiled).

मत्स्यान् (matsyān) - fish

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - fish

मकरकच्छपान् (makarakacchapān) - sharks and tortoises (sea-monsters and tortoises, crocodiles and turtles)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of makarakacchapa

makarakacchapa - sea-monster and tortoise, crocodile and turtle

Compound type : dvandva (makara+kacchapa)

• makara – sea-monster, shark, crocodile
  noun (masculine)
• kacchapa – tortoise, turtle
  noun (masculine)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands (by thousands, in thousands)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix '-śas'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, next, now)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds (by hundreds, in hundreds)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix '-śas'.

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (from that, thence, then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

अस्मयत (asmayata) - he smiled (he smiled, he wondered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of smay

Imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect middle.

Root: smay (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'atithiḥ'.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - the guest (guest, stranger)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger, visitor

Note: Refers to the sage Atithi.