महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-29, verse-13

सुखदुःखैरहं त्वं च प्रजाः सर्वाश्च सृञ्जय ।
अविमुक्तं चरिष्यामस्तत्र का परिदेवना ॥१३॥

13. sukhaduḥkhairahaṁ tvaṁ ca prajāḥ sarvāśca sṛñjaya ,
avimuktaṁ cariṣyāmastatra kā paridevanā.

13. sukhaduḥkhaiḥ aham tvam ca prajāḥ sarvāḥ ca
sṛñjaya avimuktam cariṣyāmaḥ tatra kā paridevanā

13. sṛñjaya aham tvam ca sarvāḥ prajāḥ ca sukhaduḥkhaiḥ
avimuktam cariṣyāmaḥ tatra kā paridevanā

13. O Sṛñjaya, you and I, and all living beings (prajā), will move through joys and sorrows without being freed from them. What cause for lamentation is there in that?

Words meanings summery:

• सुखदुःखैः (sukhaduḥkhaiḥ) - by joys and sorrows

• अहम् (aham) - (Nārada referring to himself) (I)

• त्वम् (tvam) - (Nārada referring to Sṛñjaya) (you)

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - all living beings (creatures, offspring, subjects, people (prajā))

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole

• च (ca) - and, also

• सृञ्जय (sṛñjaya) - O Sṛñjaya

• अविमुक्तम् (avimuktam) - without being freed (from joys and sorrows) (unreleased, not freed, not liberated)

• चरिष्यामः (cariṣyāmaḥ) - we shall experience (life, joys, and sorrows) (we shall move, we shall live, we shall act)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that situation (of universal experience) (there, in that case, then)

• का (kā) - what (kind of) (what (feminine nominative singular))

• परिदेवना (paridevanā) - lamentation, wailing, grief

Words meanings and morphology

सुखदुःखैः (sukhaduḥkhaiḥ) - by joys and sorrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sukhaduḥkha

sukhaduḥkha - joy and sorrow, happiness and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)

अहम् (aham) - (Nārada referring to himself) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

त्वम् (tvam) - (Nārada referring to Sṛñjaya) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular), you (plural)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as a connective.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - all living beings (creatures, offspring, subjects, people (prajā))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, people, subjects, creatures

Root: jan (class 4)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies `prajāḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "all beings" to the previous "I and you".

सृञ्जय (sṛñjaya) - O Sṛñjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - Sṛñjaya (a king's name)

Note: The king being addressed.

अविमुक्तम् (avimuktam) - without being freed (from joys and sorrows) (unreleased, not freed, not liberated)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avimukta

avimukta - not released, not freed, not abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √muc (to free) with upasargas vi-, a- (negation), and suffix -kta.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+vimukta)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vimukta – freed, released, liberated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √muc with upasarga vi- and suffix -kta.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Acts adverbially here.

चरिष्यामः (cariṣyāmaḥ) - we shall experience (life, joys, and sorrows) (we shall move, we shall live, we shall act)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

Note: The verbal root here means 'to move/live through'.

तत्र (tatra) - in that situation (of universal experience) (there, in that case, then)

(indeclinable)

का (kā) - what (kind of) (what (feminine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which, why

Note: Qualifies `paridevanā`.

परिदेवना (paridevanā) - lamentation, wailing, grief

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paridevanā

paridevanā - lamentation, wailing, sorrow, complaint

Derived from root √div (to lament) with upasarga pari- and suffix -ana (feminine).

Prefix: pari

Root: div (class 4)

Note: The subject of the rhetorical question.