महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-29, verse-60

सहस्रमश्वा एकैकं हस्तिनं पृष्ठतोऽन्वयुः ।
गवां सहस्रमश्वेऽश्वे सहस्रं गव्यजाविकम् ॥६०॥

60. sahasramaśvā ekaikaṁ hastinaṁ pṛṣṭhato'nvayuḥ ,
gavāṁ sahasramaśve'śve sahasraṁ gavyajāvikam.

60. sahasram aśvāḥ ekaikam hastinam pṛṣṭataḥ anvayuḥ
gavām sahasram aśve aśve sahasram gavyajāvikam

60. sahasram aśvāḥ ekaikam hastinam pṛṣṭataḥ anvayuḥ
aśve aśve gavām sahasram sahasram gavyajāvikam

60. A thousand horses followed each elephant from behind. For each horse, there were a thousand cows, and a thousand (animals of) cattle, goats, and sheep.

Words meanings summery:

• सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

• अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

• एकैकं (ekaikaṁ) - each elephant (each one, individually)

• हस्तिनम् (hastinam) - elephant

• पृष्टतः (pṛṣṭataḥ) - from behind, at the back

• अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

• अश्वे (aśve) - for each horse (used distributively) (on the horse, for the horse)

• अश्वे (aśve) - for each horse (used distributively) (on the horse, for the horse)

• सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

• गव्यजाविकम् (gavyajāvikam) - a thousand animals comprising cattle, goats, and sheep (a collective of cows, goats, and sheep)

Words meanings and morphology

सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

(numeral)

अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

एकैकं (ekaikaṁ) - each elephant (each one, individually)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekaika

ekaika - each and every one

reduplication of eka for distributive sense

हस्तिनम् (hastinam) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hastin

hastin - elephant (lit. 'having a hand/trunk')

from hasta (hand/trunk)

पृष्टतः (pṛṣṭataḥ) - from behind, at the back

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas indicating 'from'

अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anvi

Imperfect

formed from root i (to go) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle

सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

(numeral)

अश्वे (aśve) - for each horse (used distributively) (on the horse, for the horse)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Used distributively 'aśve aśve' for 'for each horse'

अश्वे (aśve) - for each horse (used distributively) (on the horse, for the horse)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Used distributively 'aśve aśve' for 'for each horse'

सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

(numeral)

गव्यजाविकम् (gavyajāvikam) - a thousand animals comprising cattle, goats, and sheep (a collective of cows, goats, and sheep)

(noun)

neuter, singular of gavyajāvika

gavyajāvika - collective of cows, goats, and sheep (cattle)

compound of gāvya (of cows), āja (of goats), āvika (of sheep), word derived from go, aja, avi

Compound type : dvandva (gāvya+āja+āvika)

• gāvya – belonging to cows, of cows
  adjective (neuter)
  derived from go (cow)
• āja – belonging to goats, of goats
  adjective (neuter)
  derived from aja (goat)
• āvika – belonging to sheep, of sheep
  adjective (neuter)
  derived from avi (sheep)

Note: Used as a collective noun for these animals