महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-29, verse-52

नित्यपुष्पफलाश्चैव पादपा निरुपद्रवाः ।
सर्वा द्रोणदुघा गावो रामे राज्यं प्रशासति ॥५२॥

52. nityapuṣpaphalāścaiva pādapā nirupadravāḥ ,
sarvā droṇadughā gāvo rāme rājyaṁ praśāsati.

52. nityapuṣpaphalāḥ ca eva pāda-pāḥ nirupadravāḥ
sarvāḥ droṇadughāḥ gāvaḥ rāme rājyam praśāsati

52. rāme rājyam praśāsati ca eva pādapāḥ nityapuṣpaphalāḥ
nirupadravāḥ sarvāḥ gāvaḥ droṇadughāḥ

52. When Rama was governing the kingdom, trees always bore flowers and fruits and were free from disturbances. All cows yielded a *droṇa* (a specific measure) of milk.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यपुष्पफलाः (nityapuṣpaphalāḥ) - always bearing flowers and fruits

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just

• पादपाः (pādapāḥ) - trees

• निरुपद्रवाः (nirupadravāḥ) - free from calamities, undisturbed

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• द्रोणदुघाः (droṇadughāḥ) - yielding a droṇa (measure) of milk

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

• रामे (rāme) - in Rama, on Rama, while Rama (loc. absolute)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, rule

• प्रशासति (praśāsati) - while governing, while ruling

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यपुष्पफलाः (nityapuṣpaphalāḥ) - always bearing flowers and fruits

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nityapuṣpaphalā

nityapuṣpaphalā - always bearing flowers and fruits

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nitya+puṣpa+phala)

• nitya – constant, eternal, always
  adjective (masculine)
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just

(indeclinable)

पादपाः (pādapāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (literally 'foot-drinker')

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root (of a tree)
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinking, one who drinks
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root pā 'to drink'
  Root: pā (class 1)

निरुपद्रवाः (nirupadravāḥ) - free from calamities, undisturbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirupadrava

nirupadrava - free from calamity, undisturbed, safe

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+upadrava)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• upadrava – calamity, trouble, disturbance, mischief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dru (class 1)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

द्रोणदुघाः (droṇadughāḥ) - yielding a droṇa (measure) of milk

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of droṇadugha

droṇadugha - yielding a droṇa of milk

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+dugha)

• droṇa – a measure of grain or liquid (approx. 32 seers or 256 palas)
  noun (masculine)
• dugha – yielding, milking
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root 'duh' (to milk)
  Root: duh (class 2)

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

रामे (rāme) - in Rama, on Rama, while Rama (loc. absolute)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper noun), charming, pleasing

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, rule

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, government, rule

Note: Used as the object in a locative absolute construction.

प्रशासति (praśāsati) - while governing, while ruling

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of praśāsat

praśāsat - governing, ruling, administering

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root śās with upasarga pra, in present participle form.

Prefix: pra

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.