महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-29, verse-112

स चेन्ममार सृञ्जय चतुर्भद्रतरस्त्वया ।
पुत्रात्पुण्यतरश्चैव मा पुत्रमनुतप्यथाः ॥११२॥

112. sa cenmamāra sṛñjaya caturbhadratarastvayā ,
putrātpuṇyataraścaiva mā putramanutapyathāḥ.

112. saḥ cet mamāra sṛñjaya caturbhadrataraḥ tvayā
putrāt puṇyataraḥ ca eva mā putram anutapyathāḥ

112. sṛñjaya cet saḥ mamāra (saḥ) tvayā caturbhadrataraḥ ca
eva putrāt puṇyataraḥ (asti) mā putram anutapyathāḥ

112. O Saṃjaya, if he died, he was four times more fortunate than you, and indeed more meritorious than a (normal) son. Therefore, do not grieve for your son.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the king from the previous story) (he, that one)

• चेत् (cet) - if

• ममार (mamāra) - died

• सृञ्जय (sṛñjaya) - O Saṃjaya (name of a king)

• चतुर्भद्रतरः (caturbhadrataraḥ) - four times more auspicious/fortunate

• त्वया (tvayā) - than you (by you, than you)

• पुत्रात् (putrāt) - than a son (from a son, than a son)

• पुण्यतरः (puṇyataraḥ) - more meritorious, more virtuous

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - your son (son)

• अनुतप्यथाः (anutapyathāḥ) - do not grieve for (you should grieve for, do you grieve for)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the king from the previous story) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

ममार (mamāra) - died

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (Lit) of mṛ

Root `mṛ` (6th class, P. `mriyate`). Perfect tense (Lit).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

सृञ्जय (sṛñjaya) - O Saṃjaya (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - name of a king (to whom Mārkaṇḍeya tells stories)

चतुर्भद्रतरः (caturbhadrataraḥ) - four times more auspicious/fortunate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturbhadratara

caturbhadratara - four times more auspicious, four times more fortunate/good

Compound with comparative suffix `-tara`

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (catur+bhadra+tara)

• catur – four
  numeral
• bhadra – auspicious, fortunate, good, excellent
  adjective (neuter)
• tara – more, exceedingly
  suffix
  Comparative suffix

त्वया (tvayā) - than you (by you, than you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Used with comparative adjectives to indicate 'than'.

पुत्रात् (putrāt) - than a son (from a son, than a son)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Used with comparative adjectives to indicate 'than'.

पुण्यतरः (puṇyataraḥ) - more meritorious, more virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puṇyatara

puṇyatara - more virtuous, more meritorious, more righteous

Comparative suffix `-tara` added to `puṇya`

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

पुत्रम् (putram) - your son (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

अनुतप्यथाः (anutapyathāḥ) - do not grieve for (you should grieve for, do you grieve for)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, injunctive (aorist form) (Luṅ) of tap

Root `tap` (1st class, P. `tapati`; 4th class, Ā. `tapyate`). Here, aorist injunctive with `anu` prefix in Ātmanepada, used with `mā` for prohibition.

Prefix: anu

Root: tap (class 4)

Note: Used with `mā` for prohibition, meaning 'do not grieve'.